USB type c wall charger. What is USB Type-C? Connector type, cable. Learn more about the benefits of the connector

The rapid development of computer technology affects not only the basic components of systems. The possibilities are increasing, including various interfaces. As for the most common connection method peripheral devices, - USB, - here, in general, we can state a multiple increase in productivity in recent years. Universal Serial Bus bandwidth increases and functionality expands. The connectors used to connect a variety of USB devices are also subject to changes. Today, many people hear about USB, what are the advantages and disadvantages of the solution - the topic of this article.

Modern computer connectors

Glancing around the chassis of almost any laptop, you can find a number of different ports located on the sides. Among them there is definitely USB, almost always HDMI and some others. Modern models are often equipped with the latest USB Type-C port. What this connector is, many do not know, but it would be worthwhile to familiarize yourself with the port's capabilities. Presumably, the connector will replace many other solutions in the future and become a truly universal standard. This is facilitated by the technical characteristics of the new way of pairing the computer and peripherals. The USB Type-C port offers users faster data transfer speeds, improved functionality, and new level ease of use. In short, the future of the standard looks very promising.

Many applications of one cable

Creators USB Type-C used in the development of the standard very simple idea... The user must have a single type of cable, and his computer equipment is equipped with one type of port. Anything can be connected by using a unified interface. For example, using a USB Type-C cable, you can connect at its core different devices represented by hard drives, monitors, audio interfaces, smartphones, tablet PCs. Among other things, it becomes possible to use the connector in question even for charging a laptop.

USB-A

Today, almost all peripheral devices are connected to a PC via the familiar USB-A connector. This port has firmly entered the computer world, has a familiar rectangular shape, and its use has become almost a standard for interfacing with PCs and laptops flash drives, external keyboards, mice, hard drives, printers and many other devices. This monopoly is likely to be broken soon - the USB Type-C cable is already taking its rightful place among the solutions used to connect a variety of devices.

Change of concept

Various cables are used to connect devices to the long-established USB-A port. The main difference between them is the connector located on the opposite side of the cable that connects to the computer. This is almost always a different type of connector. For example, micro-USB is used for smartphones, mini-USB is often used for other gadgets. You need a USB-B cable to connect your printer, and a micro USB-B cable to connect storage devices. This variety causes some inconvenience and complexity, because a user who owns several devices always needs to have a whole set of cables at hand. Designed to be the same for all devices, that is, the universal USB Type-C cable simplifies this situation many times over.

New format

With the development of the standard, it became possible to establish a single connector design for all devices, as well as the same connector at both ends of the cable. How to understand, picking up a USB Type-C cable, what exactly is it? The solution is a slim, oval-shaped connector that is significantly smaller than previous cable and connector formats of this type. In addition, USB 3 Type-C received essential characteristic represented by symmetry and reversibility. Overall very similar to the Lightning solution from Apple- very convenient, because you do not need to waste time manipulating the cable to find the right way to connect.

Future

Probably, today it can be argued that after a certain time, the USB Type-C connector will turn into the only universal port for all peripheral devices. Thus, there will be a replacement for USB-A, B, micro-USB and mini, which complicate the life of ordinary users today. All cables should be the same and be usable for any device. Of course, quick unification will not happen, too many workable devices with connectors other than USB Type-C are used today and will be in operation for several more years.

However, do not forget: the expansion of new solutions has already begun. For example, a USB Type-C flash drive is no longer a rarity on the shelves of computer stores. In addition, the fact of the release of flagship devices from the most famous brands equipped with the port under consideration, suggests that the described situation, i.e., the ousting of obsolete connectors from the market, will sooner or later come. For compatibility with old solutions, you will have to use a USB Type-C adapter for now.

Compatibility

After reading the above, you can think about what to do with already purchased devices equipped with connector types other than USB Type-C. I must say that this issue should not cause much concern. A wide variety of adapters have already been developed, produced and sold, allowing you to connect any device with a USB connector, regardless of its type. Adapters such as mini-USB - Type-C, micro-USB - Type-C and others are already widespread and perfectly perform their functions. The principle of support, which has been applied in computer technology for many years, is not going to be violated. If there is a USB Type-C port in a new laptop or computer, an adapter for other types of connector is a completely applicable and effective solution.

Learn more about the benefits of the connector

Of course, a simple design revision to which the connector and port have undergone will not be a weighty reason for encouraging the user to upgrade all the peripherals he has, but performance is far from the only advantage of the new solution. The new format supports the most modern USB 3.1 protocol, which carries an increase in the speed of data exchange and greater versatility in comparison with previous versions that are used on devices equipped with USB-A.

Speed

More than two decades have passed since the presentation of the first version of the connector. At that time, the maximum data transfer rate was 12 Mb / s. Today it can be argued, considering USBType-C, that this is the most fast interface for connecting peripheral devices from existing solutions. The USB 3.1 standard is capable of providing a data transfer rate of 10 Gb / s.

Performance

The additional advantages of the standard under consideration, of course, should include the performance represented by the ability to provide power transmission up to 100 watts. This figure is enough to power almost any laptop, not to mention smartphones, tablets and other gadgets. In addition to energy, the new format supports the transmission of a huge amount of data per unit of time. For example, already today, a video signal in 4K resolution is successfully transmitted via USB Type-C.

Versatility

The versatile nature of the latest standard opens up a wide range of practical applications. Mass useful functions can be provided with a single cable. For example, you can connect equipped USB-C laptop to an externally powered monitor and charge the laptop battery while watching video content. When storage devices are connected to the display, such as external drive, from a laptop you can access the information stored on the media.

Disadvantages of USB Type-C

This connector is a brilliant new format, no doubt claiming to be a ubiquitous solution in the very near future. At the same time, the initial stages of distribution and development, at which in this moment is still a standard, does not provide a complete absence of hazards, and also some confusion when using the connector.

Cheap accessories

The main problem that a user who decides to join modern trends may face is cheap, low-quality accessories and cables. In view of a large number the energy transmitted through the USB Type-C connectors, the use of cables of insufficient quality may damage the paired devices. This factor must be taken into account by users without fail. When buying cables and adapters, you should choose products from reliable trusted brands.

Confusion in standards

Another unpleasant moment that users of USB Type-C may face today is caused by the fact that the standard in question relates more to the type of connector used than to the specifications of the interface itself. Therefore, it is quite possible that a device connected to a new connector will not work as fast as the owner of the device expected. The first generation uses USB 3.0 technology to provide maximum speed 5 GB / s. The second generation USB-C supports the 3.1 standard, through which the data transfer speed reaches 10 Gb / s. Problems with each of the ports arise due to the fact that they look the same, but in the production of ready-made solutions, brands use different components even in the lines of similar models. In other words, before buying a device with a USB Type-C connector, you need to check the compliance with real technical characteristics port to the required indicators.

In 2015, Apple released its first gadget, equipped with a new and surprisingly single USB Type-C port. , which has only one port, caused a flurry of discontent among the fans of the company.

And then I endured it, fell in love, and Apple to this day not only very successfully sells the 12-inch line of ultrabooks, but also equipped the USB Type-C series MacBook Pro, completely abandoning the classic USB 2.0 / 3.0, and indeed any additional ports.

Almost three years have passed since the MacBook was released, but users still have questions about the operation of the newfangled USB Type-C port. Particularly worried about the issue of the selection of cables and accessories.

In this article, we will deal with all the nuances of the new standard. I will try to present the material in such a way that after reading it there are no more questions, and everything becomes known about the USB Type-C ports in MacBook and MacBook Pro.

Where USB-C came from and where the problem crept in

The USB standard itself appeared back in 1994. USB 1.0 was conceived as a universal port for connecting all kinds of equipment to a PC. It began to be actively used only in the 2000s.

USB 2.0... Then it was time for USB 2.0. USB 2.0 cables are strictly oriented and come in two types of connectors: USB Type-A and USB Type-B. With increasing popularity mobile devices later, there will be two more types of connectors: USB Micro-B and USB Mini-B.

Data was transmitted over two cables, usually green and white, and black and red were responsible for nutrition.

The maximum data transfer rate for USB 2.0 is 480 Mbps... The main drawback of the standard is too low currents ( no more than 500 mA), which often caused connection problems external storage.

USB 3.0... Deciding to eliminate the shortcomings of USB 2.0, engineers are developing new standard- USB 3.0. Blue USB was significantly faster and was able to transfer data at speeds up to 5 Gbps.

Perhaps this was due to the appearance of four additional communication lines, and, as a result, an increase in the maximum current up to 900 mA.

In the fall of 2013, the specifications for the updated USB 3.1 Type-C standard were approved. Since then, life has ceased to be the same.

What is USB Type-C?

Despite the fact that engineers have already managed to release three iterations of the USB standard, it still remained open to them. main question... It was necessary to provide normal food.

The pitiful current of 900 mA to power the same laptop battery for 8-10 thousand mAh is clearly not enough. In addition, more demanding power accessories began to appear on the market, and the tendency of manufacturers to make devices thinner and more compact forced them to abandon ports such as HDMI, Thunderbolt, classic USB, Ethernet.

Instead of 8-pin USB 3.0, 24-pin USB 3.1 Type C appears. Why are there so many? Judge for yourself:

The new USB Type-C specification has opened up a number of new possibilities for users at once.

First, there is a new USB PD standard in USB Type-C, according to which this port and appropriate cables must be capable of transmitting current and power up to 100 W in both directions.

Secondly, impressive data transfer rates. Thunderbolt 3 Alternate Mode can transfer data at speeds up to 40 Gbps. Of course, with certain "if", but more on that below.

Thirdly, it can transmit video with a resolution up to 5K. The speed here with a margin and the need for HDMI simply disappears.

Finally, USB Type-C is convenient in that “no matter how you plug it in,” it will work. It is double-sided. A logical continuation of the Lightning cable, but now not only for Apple devices.

What then is installed in MacBook and MacBook Pro?

Before we figure out the choice of cables and USB Type-C accessories, you need to understand those USB Type-C ports that are installed in MacBooks.

Alas, USB Promoter Group chopped a lot of USB 3.1 firewood, spawning several generations of ports and finally confusing users.

Unraveling this Gordian knot.

So, here are all the generations of MacBooks and the corresponding USB Type-C ports installed in them.

That is, you should immediately understand that if you have a 12-inch MacBook, you can forget about Thunderbolt 3 support, which means that it is stupid to overpay for support of this specification when choosing a cable.

MacBook 12 ″ supports video transmission via HDMI, VGA and DisplayPort (with appropriate adapters), but make friends with Thunderbolt devices will not work.

With MacBook Pro 2016 and newer, things are much more interesting. Until the recent update, the 13-inch MacBook Pro models only had Thunderbolt 3 support (the ones on the left).

As of 2018, all four ports on TouchBar models are fully full-speed capable. For 12-inch MacBooks, everything remains unchanged.

Choosing the right cable for specific tasks

The choice of USB Type-C cable directly depends on the task that you are pursuing. This specification is very extensive, and it has certain limitations.

1. For charging

USB Type-C supports charging power up to 100W. The set with MacBooks comes with a corresponding charging cable with a built-in controller that limits the maximum charging power.

The 12-inch MacBook comes with a cable with a maximum charging power of up to 61W. With MacBook Pro 13 and 15 inches 87W respectively.

And this means only one thing: if you connect a 61-watt cable to an 87-watt charger and try to charge a MacBook Pro 15 "", say, 2018 release, then charging will take place at 61 watts. That is, one and a half times slower.

This is true for other certified charging cable manufacturers as well.

Is it possible connect your MacBook to a charging with increased power? Can. Instead of the included 29W power supply, you can power it with a 15-inch 87W MacBook Pro charger. It's okay, but there won't be a miracle and the MacBook won't charge faster.

And yes, it is not harmful. The MacBook will only take as much as it can. By the way, the story is the same with the iPad.

To finally solve the problems with charging and get a cable "for all occasions", you can opt for the original 2-meter USB-C cable for 1,490 rubles.

2. To transmit video signal like HDMI

You've decided to connect an external monitor or TV to your MacBook or MacBook Pro. Let's figure out what to use to transfer a video stream in conjunction with USB Type-C.

First and foremost, determine which input port your external monitor or TV is equipped with.

For HDMI... There is a universal option that will not only add a standard USB 2.0 / 3.0 port and HDMI to MacBooks, but also duplicate USB Type-C. Costs 5,490 rubles.

For VGA... A similar, but more archaic solution for VGA for the same 5 490 rubles.

For Thunderbolt 3... There are already several Thunderbolt 3 display models on the market (12-inch MacBooks go by). 0.8 meters of such a cable will cost 3,190 rubles.

The same option can be used for charging (up to 100W). Having overpaid 2 thousand rubles and buying this cable instead of a USB Type-C charging cable, you will get a truly universal cord that supports data transfer at speeds up to 40 Gb / s.

Important... Don't chase length. Thunderbolt 3-capable 2-meter and half-meter cables are two different things.

But, here it is worth making some clarity.

3. For connecting USB 2.0 / USB 3.0 devices

Perhaps the only case when there are no problems with adapters. The same standard USB Type-C -> USB adapter for 1,490 rubles. capable of delivering up to 5 Gbps.

This is exactly what the USB Type-C port is designed for in the 12-inch MacBook family.

4. For maximum data rate (5K and 4K 60Hz)

40 Gbps is the maximum capacity of USB Type-C gen 2 with Thunderbolt 3 support. But this is under ideal conditions.

To achieve this speed, the cable length must not exceed 18 inches or 45 centimeters... Otherwise, the speed drops sharply.

But even here everything is not so simple. Thunderbolt 3 cords fall into two categories: passive and active... And you should pay attention to this if speed is important to you.

The former, with a length of two meters, transmit data at half the speed, that is, at the level of 20 Gbit / s, or even less.

The active ones have a special transmitter that controls the transmission rate along the entire length of the cable. Such laces maintain speed.

And here is an example of a certified passive Plugable cable up to 2 meters long. The speed here is no more than 20 Gbps, but the price is much more pleasant.

As you can see, everything is very complicated.

When choosing USB Type-C cables and accessories, whatever one may say, you have to turn on your brain.

You must clearly understand for what purpose you are buying this or that lace and what speeds you expect from it. If you are happy with 20 Gbps, but need a length of two meters, you don't have to dump two hundred evergreen bills for an active Thunderbolt 3 cable.

If just about the complex, then:

• if you need a cable clean for charging- buys the original one on the Apple website
• if you need a cable to connect an external storage- choose high-quality USB 3.1
• if you need to connect 5K monitor or work with professional Thunderbolt 3 hubs- choosing short passive or long active cables for a lot of money

And the main thing. (carefully read paragraph 2 of the article) and accessories released by little-known handicraft Chinese brands. This is especially true for the choice of laces that will be used to charge the MacBook. The risk of burning the device in the case of USB Type-C is higher than ever.

Mobile device users in the 2000s had a hard time - they had to put up with the so-called proprietary... The phones of each manufacturer were equipped with unique charging connectors - as a result, the charger, for example, for Nokia did not work with a Motorola phone. It got to the point of absurdity - when for two phones of the same manufacturer (Finnish) it was necessary to look for different charging device... User discontent was so strong that the European Parliament was forced to intervene.

Now the situation is fundamentally different: almost all smartphone manufacturers equip their gadgets with ports for chargers. one type... The user no longer has to buy a new memory "in addition" to the phone.

USB cables can be used not only to transfer data from a PC to a gadget, but also to charge a mobile device. Smartphones are able to replenish the "reserves" of the battery both from the outlet and from the computer, but in the second case, charging will take significantly longer. Traditional USB cable for smartphone with Android or Windows Phone as follows:

There is a standard plug at one of its ends. USB 2.0 Type-A:

This plug fits into a USB port on your computer or laptop.

At the other end of the wire is a plug microUSB.

It is, accordingly, inserted into the micro-USB connector on the mobile device.

It is micro-USB 2.0 that is now a unified connector: you can find it on smartphones and tablets of almost all manufacturers of mobile equipment (with the exception of Apple). The interface standardization agreement was signed in 2011 by representatives of 13 companies leading in the mobile market.

The choice fell on Micro-USB for a number of reasons:

• The connector is compact... Its physical dimensions are only 2 × 7 millimeters, which is about 4 times smaller than that of USB 2.0 Type-A.
• The plug is robust- especially when compared to Nokia's slim charger.
• The connector is capable of providing high data transfer rates. Theoretically, the transfer speed via Micro-USB when using the 2.0 standard can reach 480 Mbps. The actual speed is much lower (10-12 Mbps in Full Speed), but this is rarely inconvenient for users.
• The connector supports OTG function. We'll tell you more about the benefits of this later.

Competition micro-USB in the fight for the role of a standard connector could impose Mini-USB... The mini plug looks like this:

This kind of USB connector did not fit as standard, and here's why:

• Bigger connector- albeit not much. Its size is 3 × 7 millimeters.
• The connector is fragile enough- due to the lack of rigid mountings, it loosens very quickly. As a result, the transmission of data through the cable becomes a real torment for the user.

In the 2000s, a mini-USB connector could be found on smartphones manufactured by "second-class" manufacturers - for example, Philips and Alcatel... Now mobile gadgets with a mini-connector you will not find on the market.

In addition to those USB ports that we mentioned (Micro-USB, Mini-USB, USB Type-A), there are others. For example, micro-USB 3.0 standard can be used to connect hard drives to a PC, and USB Type-B(square shape) – for musical instruments(in particular, MIDI keyboards). These connectors are not directly related to mobile technology (except for Galaxy Note 3 c USB 3.0), so we will not talk about them in more detail.

What are USB cables for smartphones?

Thanks to the inexhaustible imagination of Chinese handicraftsmen, users of mobile technology can buy cables of completely different formations. For example, in the proprietary era, such a "monster" was incredibly popular:

Yes, this charger fit all main connectors!

Similar "multitools" are still on sale, but their plugs have diminished. Here is a 4-in-1 charger that can be ordered for less than 200 rubles:

This charger is equipped with all modern plugs - Lightning, 30Pin (both for iPhone), microUSB, USB 3.0. Definitely a "must-have" for the user!

There are other interesting options as well. Here is the cable from OATSBASF for those who hate cables:

This cable allows two mobile devices to be recharged from a computer. simultaneously(for example, the 5th iPhone and Android) and has a very tempting price - just over 100 rubles.

In domestic stores and salons, the user, of course, will not find such an abundance of various cables as on the pages of catalogs GearBest and AliExpress... In addition, Data-equipment in retail is much more expensive. For these two reasons, users are advised to order USB cables from China.

What is OTG standard?

Surely many have seen such a cable and wondered what it is for:

This is a cable OTG; at one end of it there is a plug micro-USB, on the second - connector USB 2.0, "Mother". Using such a cable, you can connect a USB flash drive to a smartphone or tablet, but only if the mobile device itself supports the standard OTG.

OTG(short for On-the-go) Is a function designed to quickly connect 2 USB devices to each other, without the mediation of a computer. Connect by OTG you can not only a flash drive (although this is, of course, the most common case), but also, for example, and computer mouse, keyboard, external HDD, game steering wheel, joystick. You can even connect your smartphone to a printer or MFP to print a picture taken with the gadget's camera.

Cables OTG for the iPhone have already appeared, however, uploading to an "apple" device (without jailbreak) from an external medium produces only photos and videos - and then only when the root folders on the flash drive and the photos themselves have the "correct" names.

Full list of smartphones that support the function OTG, no - simply because almost everyone can boast of having this standard modern gadgets and the list would be huge. Nevertheless, a buyer intending to connect a mouse or a flash drive to a device should ask the consultant of the salon-store for support. OTG before giving money - "for every fireman."

USB Type-C: what are the benefits?

Transition from micro-USB on - this is a new trend in the mobile electronics market! Manufacturers are actively adopting the technology and equipping their flagship models with improved connectors for charging and data transfer. USB Type-C waited a long time "in the shadows": the connector was created back in 2013, but only in 2016 did the market leaders pay attention to it.

Looks USB Type-C So:

What are the benefits Type-C in front of everyone familiar micro-USB?

• High data transfer rate... Bandwidth Type-C equals 10 Gb / sec (!). But that's just bandwidth: in reality, only owners of smartphones with standard USB 3.1- for example, Nexus 6P and 5X... If the gadget uses the standard USB 3.0, the speed will be around 5 Gb / s; at USB 2.0 data transfer will be significantly slower.
• Fast charging... The duration of the smartphone charging procedure depends on the potential number of watts supplied by the connector. USB 2.0 standard able to serve everything 2.5W- that's why charging takes hours. Connector USB Type-C provides 100 watts- that is, 40 times (!) More. It is curious that the transmission of current can occur in both directions - both to the host and from it.
• Connector symmetry... If the connector has micro-USB there is a top and a bottom, then the connector Type-C symmetrical. Which side to insert it into the connector does not matter. From this point of view, technology USB Type-C similar to Lightning from Apple.

Dignity Type-C is also the small size of the connector - only 8.4 × 2.6 mm. According to this criterion, technologies micro-USB and USB Type-C are similar.

Have USB Type-C There are also disadvantages, one of which is more than significant. Due to the unregulated operation of the connector, charging can easily "fry" a mobile device. This probability is not purely theoretical - fires have occurred in practice. It is for this reason that the proliferation of non-original, "artisanal" cables and chargers USB Type-C Type-C and decide to abandon the standard connector. At the same time, Ravencraft admits that, possibly, a complete substitution USB-A will never happen.

The first version of the Universal Serial Bus (USB) was introduced in 1995. It is USB that has become the most successful interface in the history of computing systems. Tens of billions of devices communicate with each other via USB, so the importance of this data transmission channel can hardly be overestimated. It looks like with the advent of the connector USB Type-C, our understanding of the capabilities and role of the universal tire may change dramatically. Before talking about the prospects, let's see what the new format universal connector offers.

The advantages and disadvantages of the new format interface connector have been discussed on the net for some time. The USB Type-C specification was finally approved at the end of last summer, but the topic of the universal connector has attracted active interest after the recent announcement of the laptop, as well as new version equipped with USB Type-C.

Design. Convenient connection

The USB Type-C connector is slightly larger than the usual USB 2.0 Micro-B, but noticeably more compact than the dual USB 3.0 Micro-B, not to mention the classic USB Type-A.

The dimensions of the connector (8.34x2.56 mm) make it easy to use for devices of any class, including smartphones / tablets with a minimum reasonable body thickness.

Structurally, the connector has an oval shape. Signal and power outputs are located on a plastic stand in the central part. The USB Type-C pin group includes 24 pins. This is much more than the previous generation USB connectors. Only 4 pins were allocated for the needs of USB 1.0 / 2.0, and USB 3.0 connectors have 9 pins.

The first obvious benefit of USB Type-C is the symmetrical connector, so you don't have to worry about which side to connect the plug to the outlet. The age-old problem of devices with USB connectors of any format is now finally solved. At the same time, the solution to the problem is achieved by not trivial duplication of all contact groups. It uses some kind of autonegotiation and switching logic.

Another nice thing - identical connectors are located on both sides of the interface cable. Therefore, using USB Type-C, you do not need to choose which side of the conductor to connect the master and slave devices.

The outer shell of the connector does not have any holes or cutouts. Internal side latches are used to secure it in the connector. The plug must be reasonably secure in the connector. There should be no backlashes similar to those seen in USB 3.0 Micro-B.

Many are probably worried about the physical reliability of the new connector. According to the declared characteristics, the mechanical life of the USB Type-C connector is about 10,000 connections. The same indicator is typical for the USB 2.0 Micro-B port.

Separately, we note that USB Type-C is not a data transfer interface. This is a type of connector that allows you to link together various signal and power lines. As you can see, the connector is elegant from an engineering point of view, and most importantly, it should be easy to use.

Data transfer rate. 10 Gb / s is not for everyone?

One of the advantages of USB Type-C is the ability to use the USB 3.1 interface for data transfer, which promises an increase in bandwidth up to 10 Gb / s. However, USB Type-C and USB 3.1 are not equivalent terms and are definitely not synonyms. In the USB Type-C format, the capabilities of both USB 3.1 and USB 3.0 and even USB 2.0 can be realized. An integrated controller determines the support of a particular specification. Of course, USB Type-C ports are more likely to appear on devices that support high data transfer rates, but this is not a dogma.

Let us recall that even with the implementation of USB 3.1 capabilities, differences in the maximum data transfer rate are possible. For USB 3.1 Gen 1 this is 5 Gb / s, USB 3.1 Gen 2 is 10 Gb / s. By the way, the presented Apple Macbook and Chromebook Pixel have USB Type-C ports with a bandwidth of 5 Gb / s. Well, but a good example of the fact that new interface The new connector is very variable, it is the Nokia N1 tablet. It also comes with a USB Type-C connector, but its capabilities are limited to USB 2.0 with 480 Mb / s bandwidth.

The USB 3.1 Gen 1 designation can be called a marketing gimmick. Nominally, this port has the same capabilities as USB 3.0. Moreover, for this version of "USB 3.1" the same controllers can be used as for the implementation of the bus of the previous generation. At the initial stage, this technique will most likely be actively used by manufacturers, releasing new devices with USB Type-C for which maximum bandwidth is not required. When proposing a device with a new type of connector, many will want to present it in a favorable light, announcing the presence of not only a new connector, but also support for USB 3.1, even if only conditional.

It is important to understand that nominally the USB Type-C port can be used for maximum performance connection at speeds up to 10 Gb / s, but in order to get such throughput, it must be provided by the connected devices. The presence of USB Type-C is not an indication of the actual speed capabilities of the port. They should be clarified in advance in the specifications of specific products.

Some restrictions also have cables for connecting devices. When using the USB 3.1 interface, for lossless data transfer at speeds up to 10 Gb / s (Gen 2), the cable length with USB Type-C connectors should not exceed 1 meter, for connection at speeds up to 5 Gb / s (Gen 1) - 2 meters.

Energy transfer. 100 W unit

Another important feature that USB Type-C brings is the ability to transfer power up to 100W. This is enough not only for powering / charging mobile devices, but also for the smooth operation of laptops, monitors or, for example, "large" external 3.5 ”drives.

In the original development of the USB bus, power transmission was a secondary function. The USB 1.0 port provided just 0.75W (0.15A, 5V). Enough for mouse / keyboard operation, but nothing more. For USB 2.0, the nominal current was increased to 0.5 A, which made it possible to get already 2.5 W. This was often enough to power, for example, external 2.5 ”hard drives. For USB 3.0, a current of 0.9 A is nominally provided, which, with a constant supply voltage of 5V, already guarantees a power of 4.5 W. Special reinforced connectors on motherboards ah or laptops were capable of delivering up to 1.5 A to speed up charging of connected mobile devices, but this is still 7.5 W. Against the background of these numbers, the ability to transmit 100 watts looks like something fantastic. However, in order for the USB Type-C port to fill the necessary capacity, support for the USB Power Delivery 2.0 (USB PD) specification is required. If there is none, the USB Type-C port will be able to supply 7.5 W (1.5 A, 5 V) or 15 W (3A, 5 V) to the mountain, depending on the configuration.

In order to streamline the power capabilities of the USB PD ports, a system of power profiles has been developed, allowing for possible combinations of voltages and currents. Compliance with Profile 1 guarantees the ability to transfer 10 W of energy, Profile 2 - 18 W, Profile 3 - 36 W, Profile 4 - 60 W, Profile 5 - 100 W. The port corresponding to the higher profile maintains all the states of the previous downstream. 5V, 12V and 20V are selected as reference voltages. The use of 5V is essential for compatibility with the vast array of USB peripherals available. 12V is the standard supply voltage for various system components. 20V was proposed taking into account the fact that external power supply units for 19-20V are used to charge the batteries of most laptops.

Of course, it's good when the device is equipped with USB Type-C supporting the maximum USB PD energy profile. It is this connector that allows you to transfer up to 100 watts of energy. It is obvious that ports with similar potential may appear on some powerful laptops, special docking stations or motherboards, where separate phases of the internal power supply will be allocated for the needs of USB Type-C. The point is that the required power must be generated somehow and brought to the USB Type-C contacts. And to transfer energy of such power, active cables will be required.

It is important to understand here that not every port of the new format will be able to provide the declared power of 100 watts. There is a potential for this, but this issue must necessarily be resolved by the manufacturer at the circuitry level. Also, do not entertain the illusion that the above 100 W can be obtained, say, from a power supply the size of a matchbox, and now you can power your gaming laptop and a 27-inch monitor connected to it with a smartphone charge. Nevertheless, the law of conservation of energy continues to work, and therefore an external 100 W PSU with a USB Type-C port will still be the same weighty block as before. In general, the very possibility of transmitting energy of such power using a universal compact connector is, of course, a plus. At the very least, this is a great opportunity to get rid of the inconsistencies in the original power connectors, which are especially common among laptop manufacturers.

Another useful feature of USB Type-C is the ability to change the direction of power transmission. If the circuitry of the devices allows, the consumer can, for example, temporarily become a source of charge. Moreover, for the reverse energy exchange, you do not even need to reconnect the connectors.

Alternative mode. Not USB single

The USB Type-C port was originally designed as a universal solution. In addition to direct USB data transfer, it can also be used in Alternate Mode to implement third-party interfaces. This flexibility of USB Type-C has been exploited by the VESA by introducing the ability to stream video through DisplayPort Alt Mode.

USB Type-C has four Super Speed ​​USB lines (pairs). If two of them are dedicated to the needs of DisplayPort, this is enough to get a picture with a resolution of 4K (3840x2160). At the same time, the speed of data transfer via USB does not suffer. At its peak, this is still the same 10 Gb / s (for USB 3.1 Gen2). Also, the transmission of the video stream does not in any way affect the energy capacity of the port. Even high-speed 4 lines can be allocated for DisplayPort needs. In this case, modes up to 5K (5120 × 2880) will be available. In this mode, USB 2.0 lines are not involved, so USB Type-C will still be able to transfer data in parallel, albeit at a limited speed.

In the alternative mode, the SBU1 / SBU2 pins are used to transmit the audio stream, which are converted to the AUX + / AUX- channels. They are not used for the USB protocol, so there are also no additional functional losses here.

When using the DisplayPort interface, the USB Type-C connector can still be connected either way. The required signal matching is provided initially.

Connecting devices using HDMI, DVI and even D-Sub (VGA) is also possible, but this will require separate adapters, however, these must be active adapters, since for DisplayPort Alt Mode, Dual-Mode Display Port (DP ++) is not supported ...

Alternative USB mode Type-C can be used for more than just DisplayPort. Perhaps soon we will learn that this port has learned, for example, to transfer data using PCI Express or Ethernet.

Compatibility. Difficulties of the "transition" period

If we talk about the compatibility of USB Type-C with devices equipped with USB ports of the previous generation, then it is not possible to connect them directly due to the fundamental differences in the design of the connectors. To do this, you need to use adapters. Their assortment promises to be very wide. Of course, it's not just about converting USB Type-C to other USB types. Display adapters for displays with traditional DisplayPort, HDMI, DVI and VGA ports will also be available.

Apple simultaneously with the announcement new MacBook offered several options for adapters. A single USB Type-C to USB Type-A is priced at $ 19.

Given the presence of only one USB Type-C, the owner of a MacBook probably cannot do without a universal, more functional converter. Apple has introduced two of these adapters. One on the output has a pass-through port USB Type-C, VGA and USB Type-A, the second option is equipped with HDMI instead of VGA. The cost of these boxes is $ 79. A 29W PSU with native USB Type-C costs $ 49.

Google for new system The Chromebook Pixel offers single USB Type-C to Type-A (male / female) adapters for $ 13, while a DisplayPort / HDMI converter costs $ 40. The 60W PSU is priced at $ 60.

Traditionally, one should not expect humane price tags for additional accessories from equipment manufacturers. Adapter manufacturers are anticipating the demand for their new products. Belkin is already ready to ship kilometers of conductors, but their cost is also not low ($ 20-30). The company has also announced, but has yet to provide a USB Type-C to Gigabit Ethernet adapter. The cost has not yet been announced, there is only information that it will be available in early summer. It's funny, but it seems that up to this point, to connect to a wired network, you will need to use two adapters at once. It is possible that someone will be quicker than Belkin by offering an appropriate adapter earlier.

It will be possible to speak about a noticeable price reduction only after much less well-known companies from the "Celestial Empire" are tightly engaged in accessories with USB Type-C. Considering what prospects are opening up, we believe that they will not be the case.

USB Type-C devices. Someone must be first

Nominally, the tablet was the first device equipped with a USB Type-C port. At least, it was this device that became a harbinger of the fact that the ports of the new format left the development laboratories and "go to the people."

An interesting device, but, unfortunately, so far it is offered in a rather limited edition. The tablet has a native USB Type-C port, although the USB 2.0 protocol is used for data transfer.

Perhaps the most iconic product to help boost the popularity of USB Type-C is its recent release. The 12-inch laptop is equipped with a single interface connector, so its owners will somehow become pioneers who will adapt to life with USB Type-C.

On the one hand, Apple obviously supported the development of the new standard, moreover, the company's engineers were directly involved in the development of USB Type-C. On the other hand, updated versions Macbook air and MacBook Pro did not receive this connector. Does this mean that in the "heavier" category of devices of the manufacturer USB Type-C will not be registered in the coming year? Controversial. After all, surely Apple will not be able to resist updating the line of laptops after the autumn announcement of Intel's new mobile platform with Skylake processors. Perhaps it is then that the Cupertines will allocate space on the interface panel for USB Type-C.

The situation with tablets and smartphones is even more controversial. Will Apple use USB Type-C for them instead of Lightning? In terms of capabilities, the proprietary connector is noticeably inferior to the new universal port, but what about the original peripherals that have accumulated among users of Apple mobile products since 2012? We will find out the answers to these questions with the update or expansion of the iPhone / iPad lines.

Google has unveiled the second generation of stylish Chromebook Pixel laptops. Chrome OS systems are still quite niche solutions, but the quality Google systems captivating, besides, this time they are at the forefront of devices offering to join USB Type-C. Laptops are equipped with a pair of matching connectors. However, as a safety net, the Chromebook Pixel also has two classic USB 3.0 ports.

In general, Google representatives are very encouraged by the capabilities of the new connector, counting on the emergence of Android mobile devices with a USB Type-C connector in the near future. Uncompromising support of the largest platform holder is a powerful argument for other market players.

Motherboard manufacturers have been slow to add a USB Type-C port to their devices yet. MSI recently introduced the MSI Z97A GAMING 6, which is equipped with this connector with a data transfer rate of up to 10 Gb / s.

ASUS offers an external USB 3.1 controller with a USB Type-C port, which can be installed on any board with an empty PCI Express (x4) slot.

Peripheral devices with native USB Type-C are still frankly not enough. Surely, many manufacturers were in no hurry with the announcement, waiting for the emergence of systems with which it would be possible to use products with USB Type-C. In general, this is a typical situation when implementing the next industry standard.

Immediately following the announcement of the Apple MacBook, LaCie introduced a series of USB Type-C external portable hard drives.

SanDisk is already offering a USB 3.0 Type-A and USB Type-C flash drive for trial. A similar product is offered by the lesser-known Microdia.

We will surely see a significant expansion of the range of USB Type-C devices soon. The flywheel of change will slowly but surely unfold. The support of "big" companies can influence the situation and speed up this process.

Outcomes

The need for a universal compact connector that could be used to transfer data, video-audio streams and electricity has been long overdue. Given the mutual interest of both users and equipment manufacturers, there are all the prerequisites for USB Type-C to "shoot".

Compact size, simplicity and ease of connection, along with ample opportunities promise the connector to repeat the success of its predecessor. The familiar USB port has been upgraded several times, but the time has come for fundamental changes. 10 Gb / s with the possibility of further scalability, power transmission up to 100 W and a picture with a resolution of up to 5K. Not a bad start? Another argument in the USB Type-C piggy bank is an open standard that does not require royalties from manufacturers. There is still much work to be done, but the result is visible ahead, for the sake of which it is worth walking this path.

It would seem that the USB Type-C standard has just begun to earn a reputation for itself in the world. mobile technologies, but 2015 has already given us a certain number of devices that have tried on a new interface: the memories of OnePlus 2, Nexus 5X and Nexus 6P are still fresh.

There is no doubt that the number of such devices will grow relentlessly this year. Largest manufacturers will continue to fight fiercely for the consumer, supplying Type-C connectors not only to their flagship models, but also to offerings in lower price segments.

If you regularly use external batteries or other portable chargers, sharpened for microUSB, it will add to your headache: in order to continue to benefit from your favorite accessories, be ready to fork out for a dozen different adapters.

But there is Alternative option- external battery, or the so-called Power bank, with an already built-in connector for the USB Type-C connector, which, among other things, has a number of significant advantages over competitors: recharging the device through the Type-C connection is much faster, and you do not have to carry all the necessary adapters with you.

On the pages of online stores, you can find dozens of different names of portable chargers. It looks like it's time to figure out which items are worth buying. Taking into account the brand, rating and positive reviews, we have compiled a small subjective list for you. And if the power banks presented below are not in your local store, their cost allows you to order them on ebay, amazon or another online platform without any problems with customs.

The 20,100mAh Anker PowerCore + will set you back around $ 51. For this money, you get a device with a LED charge indicator, two USB ports with an output current of 2.4 A, and one USB Type-C port. Actually, the kit itself consists of a "power bank", a USB / USB Type-C cable for recharging the battery, a case and a wire for microUSB.

Note that Anker PowerCore + boasts several unique finds that are responsible for the legitimate power of your. The proprietary PowerIQ technology replicates the charging protocols of each plug-in gadget, making the procedure safe and as efficient as possible. VoltageBoost will also be useful: it determines the resistance of the cable, thereby ensuring process stability. Unfortunately, Anker PowerCore + does not support Qualcomm Quick Charge 2.0 technology.

The external battery CHOETECH with 10400 mAh inside costs $ 32. There are two USB ports on board, one of which is compatible with Qualcomm's Quick Charge 2.0 technology. The USB Type-C connector can be used to connect to a Macbook, Nexus 6P or Pixel C. Includes the Power Bank itself and a USB / USB Type-C cable. There is also a guarantee for 18 months. The device is charged via both microUSB and USB Type-C interface.

In fact, CHOETECH doesn't look very impressive when compared to Anker's model. It costs $ 20 cheaper, but half of the capacity is lost somewhere along with the price. Only its modest weight and size, as well as support for Quick Charge 2.0, can tip the scales in favor of CHOETECH.

The price of the RAVPower 20,100 mAh power bank is about $ 60. Discreet design - a black box with a four-point LED indicator - clearly contrasts with excellent functionality: microUSB connector responsible for recharging RAVPower; one more USB port is ready to cooperate with Qualcomm Quick Charge 2.0 and 3.0 technologies; speed is provided by USB 3A Type-C interface.

The iSmart port is a peculiar feature of the battery. With its help, RAVPower recognizes the type of connected device and optimizes its operation based on the information received.

It is noteworthy that the declared 20,100 mAh should be enough to bring the Galaxy S6 back to life five times; recovery full charge iPhone 6S you will have about 8 tries. Also, RAVPower is able to protect your device from overcharging and keep its sensitive microcircuits healthy.

All in all, RAVPower is a great choice for those looking for a roomy portable battery with tons of extra features and Qualcomm's Quick Charge support. What else can you say, a luxurious thing with an equally “luxurious” price.

The Talentcell 10400 mAh power supply is the cheapest accessory on our list. Its cost is $ 27. It is charged via microUSB 2.0, there is a USB Type-C connector. The battery status is indicated by a small LED indicator. In the package you will find a Power Bank and a Type-C cable. You can use Talentcell with any gadget, except for the 12-inch handsome Macbook. This wonderful battery also allows you to charge two smartphones at the same time.

If you do not have extra funds to buy an expensive “power bank”, Talentcell is ready to offer its services. The project's reviews are quite good, but if you are still confused by a little-known brand, think about purchasing the options discussed above.

And again, a product with a not too big name, but an attractive price. Such is the dilemma: for $ 32 you can buy Talentcell and two Big Mac Menus or iVoler with its 10000 mAh battery, standard USB port and Type-C interface. The lack of support for Qualcomm Quick Charge here is compensated by the possibility of "mega" fast charging from 0 to 100 percent in 3.5 hours.

It seems to us that it is better to take TalentCell and eat, but additional option nevertheless, it was worth considering - after all, fast food is a harmful thing.