What is the name of a large computer. Types of computers - description, features, characteristics and interesting facts. Peripherals of computer

1. Desktop computer (English. Desktop Computer) is a stationary personal computer designed primarily to work in the office or at home. It implies a system consisting of separate components: a system unit, monitor, keyboard, mouse. Desktop computers are conventionally subdivided on subspecies: office computer, home, game. The separation is definitely very inaccurate, but about everything in order. Link How to choose a good computer ...

AT office Computer Usually used components of the lower price category, although there are exceptions - for example, in an organization working with autoCAD programs, 3D MAX and similar complex graphics programs.

In domestic computers, it is usually trying to use more advanced components, for example, in the overwhelming majority, not integrated into motherboard Video card, and discrete. In such computers, more often establish a greater volume. random access memorylarger hDD, offer a larger monitor in size.

The game computer is the most powerful one, in such systems sometimes set 8 gigabytes of RAM (only 64-bit systems support such a volume, all 32-bit systems are supported up to 4 GB, and in fact it turns on about 3 GB of RAM), there are instances and with 16 GB of memory. Also in such a computer, several video cards are usually 2, but it happens more. Installation try the top, most powerful video cards, configure them into SLI mode for NVIDIA and CrossFire for video Cards Radeon.. For tandem try to use the same video cards (often even from one series). Also in the system set several hard disks. Now more and more accessible are fast SSD drivesThey are small in volume, for example, 160 GB, but they have significantly higher than that of ordinary hard drives. Therefore, the SSD disk for the operating system, and, for example, is installed in the gaming computer. hard disk Two terabytes operating in RAID 0 mode (mode when the information is written to 2 discs at the same time (the system sees not two disks, but one large), giving the speed gain when operating up to 30%). Not excluded in such a computer installation of the water cooling system. This type of computers is the most expensive and often going to enthusiasts. In the image inner part of the game computer.

2. Nettop (eng. Nettop) - a small physical size of a personal computer. The word "Nettop" is formed from "Internet" and "Desktop". The term nettop (similar to the desktop - a desktop computer) is offered by Intel at the time of the announcement of Atom processors, which in understanding this company should be the main base for creating nettops. Nettop is a stationary analogue of a netbook (eng. Netbook) - a miniature network laptop. As a typical Nettop example available on the market, you can bring ASUS Eee. Box, Acer and Crystal Station Aspirerevo (English) - based on a combination chipset NVIDIA Ion and processor Intel Atom.. This type of computers is as well as stationary use in offices. Due to a small size it can easily be placed from the rear of the monitor, and the asks for the fact that its cost is less than that of non-stationary, then for the office sometimes it is perfect solution. Of course performance this solution Not so high, like a full-fledged PC, but for office needs enough. So if you want to save workspace and budget is good decision. On the nettop image on the monitor - the optimal use of this small computer.

3. Monoblock computer. Constructive diagram of a stationary PC in which a system unit, monitor and, currently, a microphone, sound speakers, a webcam is constructively combined into one device - monoblock. Such an ergonomic PC (occupies a minimum of space) and more attractive from aesthetic point of view. Also such a PC and more transported than a stationary computer, built on a separate scheme.
The reverse side of this medal is a relatively difficult scalability of such a PC and, including, relatively difficult independent technical upgrades. It is also relatively difficult and maintenance. For example, if the monoblock breaks, for example, a microphone, then it is often possible to replace it with a good service center. Naturally, the monoblocks are widely used in cases where in first place efficiency, and simplicity of scaling or independent maintenance On the contrary, they are not decisive.

The monoblock is often used at home, it is convenient because it does not occupy a lot of space, so in such a computer more and more often began to install a TV tuner to view the television and delivering the user from 2 items: computer, television, combining them into one device. Also, this computer is able to save you and from all sorts of radio tape recorders, CD, DVD players. It is possible that your monoblock computer will save you and from the keyboard with the mouse (some models are equipped with sensory displays), but it will be worth it a lot. Of the minuses of these systems, the price is of course, while it is still quite high, the usual personal computer will be more productive for the same money, but because Such devices are gaining popularity, then the cost steadily falls, and productivity grows.

4. (English Tablet PC) - a type of laptops, arranged after the presentation of the Microsoft Tablet PC hardware and software platform in November 2002. Equipped touch screen And allow you to work with the help of the stylus or fingers both using and without using the keyboard and mouse. home distinctive feature This family of PC is a hardware compatibility with IBM PC computers and full-fledged operating systems installed on them, such as: family Microsoft Windows. NT (Windows XP Tablet PC Edition, Windows 7); Apple Mac. OS X; Linux (complete desktop assembly of one of the distributions of this OS). Such. operating system allows the user to use without restrictions any softwareavailable on the desktop.

Mainly used by active people: which you always need a personal computer at hand, and they are all the time on the road. Mainly used as an addition to the main computer, without being the main PC. It is used as a multi-family axesuar: they are watching movies, read books, listen to music on the road, check mail on the Internet.

5. Laptop (English Notebook - Notepad, Notepad PC) - Portable Personal Computer, In the case of which the typical PC components are combined, including the display, keyboard and instruction instrument (usually touchpad, or touchpad), pocket computeras well as batteries. differ in small sizes and weight, time autonomous work Laptops varies from 1 to 15 hours. Computer "MS 1504 Electronics" in the form factor "LAPTOP" Laptop (English Laptop - Lap \u003d Runs of a sitting person, top \u003d Top) or a porter - a broader term, it is used both to laptops and a tablet PC. Laptops usually include laptops performed in folding form factor. The laptop is transferred in folded form, it allows you to protect the screen, keyboard and touchpad during transportation. It is also connected with the convenience of transportation (most often the laptop is transported in the portfolio, which allows you to keep it in your hands, but hang on the shoulder, for example). The idea of \u200b\u200bcreating a portable computing machine "The size of a notebook having a flat monitor and can connect to the networks without wires" put forward the head of the research laboratory of Xerox Alan Key (Alan Key) in 1968. In 1979, on request NASA William Magnidge (GRID Systems ) Created the world's first GRID COMPASS laptop.

Advantages of laptops over desktop PCs: low weight and dimensions. Even the laptops of the desktop replacement can be easily moved to another place. The laptop can be taken on a business trip, to the cottage, on vacation. Moving a desktop computer to another room / Cabinet is often a problem, not to mention moving to another city. To work, it is not necessary to connect external devices. The laptop includes the built-in display, keyboard and instructions of the indication (usually the touchpad), and all these devices must be connected to the desktop computely separately. The possibility of autonomous work. The presence of the battery allows the laptop to work in conditions when the electrical network is not available (in the train, plane, car, cafe and just on the street). Desktop computer can work autonomously very short time and only if there is a source uninterrupted power. The ability to connect to wireless networks. Almost all modern laptops (with the exception of some superb budget models) are equipped with a built-in Wi-Fi adapter, which allows you to connect to the Internet without wires. Wi-Fi access points are in many cafes, entertainment centers, airports, hotels. There are also urban Wi-Fi networks that allow you to connect to a wireless network in many areas of the city. Desktop computers usually do not contain the built-in Wi-Fi adapter (with the exception of some expensive models and most of the nettops), however, for stationary computers, this lack is insignificant. In the amount, all the benefits of laptops in front of stationary computers constitute the main quality of laptops: mobility.

6. Netbook (Netbook) - a compact laptop with a relatively low performance, designed mainly to access the Internet and working with office applications. It has a small diagonal of a 7-12 inches screen, low power consumption, relatively low cost and low weight.
On the dimensions and functionality of the netbook occupy an intermediate position between mobile Internet devices (MID) and Handheld PC "from below" and subnotebooks "from above". From UMPC netbooks differ in layout and, as a rule, using ordinary screens insensitive to touch. This moment is controversial, some manufacturers and experts include netbooks and subnotebooks to the UMPC class. For most users, the most obvious differences from laptops will be: smaller dimensions, no optical drive (almost always) and the presence of a webcam with a microphone.

In netbooks use economical processors (ULV) and sets of system logic. Almost all netbooks are equipped with wireless modules. wi-Fi networksSome - WiMAX, often there is a Bluetooth interface. Usually there is a multi-format (MS PRO, SD / MMC, XD-PICTURE Card) card reader. For rare exceptions (for example, Kohjinsha EX6, ASUS Eee PC 1004DN and to some extent HP Pavilion DV2) optical drives No missing. Netbooks use various OS based on GNU / Linux (for example, Eeebuntu, Ubuntu Netbook Edition, Chrome OS), Windows XP Home Edition and Windows Vista Home Basic (In some cases, Windows Vista Business), and from recently and Windows 7 Starter Edition, although the user can install any OS convenient for it. There is also support for many Android netbooks.

7. Pocket Personal Computer (PDA, English Personal Digital Assistant, PDA - "Personal Digital Secretary", as well as Handheld Computer) - Portable Computing Device with Wide functionality. The CCP is often called the handheld (English. Palmtop) due to small sizes. Initially, the CCP was intended for use as electronic organizers. Currently, classical PDAs are practically completely outpaced by communicators - PDAs with a cellular radio module. From the "classic" PDA it is impossible to make calls, and the PDA is not mobile phone. Now the name of the PDA as such is outdated - and now this device is called

In this lesson, I will tell about the device of the computer: what PC consists of which function does each item performs.

Consider the hardware ("iron"):

• the system unit is the large box that you have on the table or under the table, on the side of it, etc. It contains all basic computer nodes.
• peripherals - Additional components, such as monitor, keyboard, mouse, modem, scanner, etc.

What does computer consist of

The system unit in the computer is "main". If you carefully unscrew the screws from its back wall, remove the sidebar and look inside, then only with the form of its device will seem complex. Now I will briefly describe his device, and then characterize the main elements in the most understandable language.

AT system block The following elements are accommodated (not necessarily all at once):

- Power Supply

- Hard magnetic disk drive (HDD)

- Drive on flexible magnetic disk (FDD)

- Drive on a CD or DVD (CD / DVD ROM)

- Connectors for additional devices (ports) on the rear (sometimes on the front) panel, etc.

— Motherboard (It is more often called the maternal), which, in turn, contains:

• microprocessor;
• mathematical coprocessor;
• clock pulse generator;
• memory chips (RAM, ROM, CASH memory, CMOS memory)
• controllers (adapters) of devices: keyboards, disks, etc.
• sound, video and network card;
• timer and others.

All of them are connected to the motherboard using connectors (slots). Her elements isolated in boldWe will look at below.

And now in order about the system unit:

one . With the power supply, everything is clear: it feeds the energy of the computer. I will only say that, the higher its power indicator, the cooler.

2. Hard magnetic disk drive (HDD - Hard Disk Drive) in commoner is called Winchester.

This nickname arose from the jargon name of the first model. hard disk The capacity of 16 KB (IBM, 1973), which had 30 tracks of 30 sectors, which accidentally coincided with the "30/30" hunting rifle of the famous Hunting rifle. The container of this drive is usually measured in gigabytes: from 20 GB (on old computers) to several terrabytes (1TB \u003d 1024 GB). The most common capacity of the hard drive is 250-500 GB. The speed of operations depends on the speed of rotation (5400-10000 rpm). Depending on the type of hard drive with motherboard distinguish ATA and IDE.

3. Drive on a flexible magnetic disk (FDD - FLOPPY DISK Drive) - nothing but floppy disk drive. Their standard capacity is 1.44 MB with a diameter of 3.5 "(89 mm). Magnetic materials with special properties are used as a storage medium with special properties that allow you to record two magnetic states, each of which is put into line with binary numbers: 0 and one.

4 . Drives by optical disks (CD-ROM) There are different diameters (3.5 "and 5.25") and tanks. The most common ones are a capacity of 700 MB. It happens that CDs can be used to record only 1 time (then they are called R), and it is more profitable to use repeatedly rewritable RW discs.

DVD was initially decrypted as Digital Video Disk. Despite the name, you can write anything on DVDs anything, from music to data. Therefore, in recent times, the other decoding of this name is the Digital Versatile Disk, in the free translation of the "digital universal disk". The main difference between DVDs from CDs is the volume of information that can be recorded on such a carrier. The DVD can be recorded from 4.7 to 13, and even up to 17 GB. This is achieved in several ways. First, a laser with a smaller wavelength is used to read DVDs than to read CDs, which made it possible to significantly increase the recording density. Secondly, the standard provides so-called two-layer discs, in which the data on one side are recorded in two layers, while one layer of translucent, and the second layer is read "through" the first. This made it possible to record data on both sides of DVDs, and thus double their capacity, which is sometimes done.

five . TO personal computer Other additional devices can be connected. mouse, printer, scanner andother). Connection is performed through ports - special connectors on the rear panel.

Ports are parallel (LPT), serial (COM) and universal serial (USB). According to the serial port, the information is transmitted on the paired (more slowly) at a small number of wires. Mouse and modem are connected to the serial port. By parallel port, the information is transmitted simultaneously by a large number of wires corresponding to the number of discharges. The parallel port is connected to the printer and remote hard drive. USB port is used to connect a wide range peripheral devices - From the mouse to the printer. It is also possible to exchange data between computers.

6. The main devices of the computer (processor, RAM, etc.) are placed on motherboard.

Microprocessor (easier - processor) - a central PC unit designed to control the work of all blocks of the machine and for performing arithmetic and logic operations above information.

Its main characteristics are a bit (than it is higher, the higher the performance of the computer) and the clock frequency (largely determines the speed of the computer). Clock frequency Indicates how many elementary operations (clocks) processor performs in one second.
Respect in the processor market Intel Pentium. and its economy version of Celeron, and also appreciate their competitors - AMD Athlon. With economy version of Duron. Intel processors Characterized by high reliability in work, low heat generation and compatibility with all software and hardware. And AMD show a greater speed of working with graphics and games, but less reliable.

Computer memory is internal and external. External memory devices are already considered HDD, FDD, CD-ROM, DVD-ROM. TO internal memory Refers constant memory (ROM, ROM English), operational memory (RAM, RAM English), cache.

The ROM is intended for storing constant software and reference information (BIOS - Basic Input-Output System - basic I / O system).

RAM has high speed and is used by the processor for short-term storage of information during computer operation.

When the power source is turned off, the information in the RAM is not saved. For the normal functioning of the computer today, it is advisable to have from 1 GB to 3 GB of RAM.

Cache memory is an operational ultra-speed intermediate memory.

CMOS memory - CMOS RAM (Compledenary Metall-Oxide Semiconductor RAM). It stores the computer configuration parameters that are checked each time the system is turned on. To change the computer configuration settings in the BIOS contains a computer configuration configuration program - SETUP.

Sound, Video and Network Cards It can be both built-in motherboards and external. External boards can always be replaced, whereas if the built-in video card comes out, you will have to change the entire motherboard. I trust from video cards ATI Radeon. and NVIDIA. The higher the memory of the video card, the better.

Peripherals

Computer consists of 6 key groups:

• Alphanumeric;
• Managers (Enter, Backspace, Ctrl, Alt, Shift, Tab, ESC, Caps Lock., Num Lock, Scroll Lock, Pause, Print Screen);
• Functional (F1-F12);
• Numeric keypad;
• Cursor control (-\u003e,<-, Page Up, Page Down, Home, End, Delete, Insert);
• Light indicators of features (CAPS LOCK, NUM LOCK, SCROLL LOCK).

Mouse (mechanical, optical). Most programs use two of the three mouse keys. The left key is the main one, it is controlled by a computer. She plays the Enter key role. The functions of the right key depend on the program. In the middle there is a scroll wheel to which you quickly get used to.

Modem - network adapter. It can be both external and inner.

The scanner automatically reads with paper media and enters in PC any printed texts and images.

The microphone is used to enter sound to the computer.

(Display) Designed to display information on the screen. Most often in modern PCs are used by SVGA monitors with resolution (by the number of points placed horizontally and vertically on the monitor screen) 800 * 600, 1024 * 768, 1280 * 1024, 1600 * 1200 during transmission to 16.8 million colors.

The size of the monitor screen is from 15 to 22 inches diagonally, but most often - 17 inches (35.5 cm). The size of the point (grain) is from 0.32 mm to 0.21 mm. What he is less, the better.

PCs that are equipped with television monitors (CRT) are not so popular. Of these, preference should be given to low radiation monitors (Low Radiation). Liquid crystal displays (LCD) are safer, and most computers have exactly such a monitor.

Designed for printing text and graphic images. Printers are matrix, inkjet and laser. In matrix printers, the image is formed from the shock points. Inkjet printers in the print head instead of needles have thin tubes - nozzles, through which the smallest droplets of ink are thrown on paper. Inkjet printers are performed and color printing with basic colors. Dignity - high print quality, disadvantage - the danger of drying ink, high cost of consumables.

In laser printers, an electrographic method of image formation is used. The laser serves to create an ultra-thin light beam, drawing on the surface of the pre-charged photosensitive drum contours of an invisible point electronic image. After the e-image manifestation of the dye powder (toner), sticking to the discharged sections, printing is performed - the transfer of toner from the drum on paper and fasten the image on the toner warming paper before melting it. Laser printers provide the highest quality printing with high speed. Color laser printers are widely used.

Sound columns Displays sound. The sound quality depends - again - from the power of the speakers and the material from which the housings are made (preferably a tree) and its volume. An important role is played by the presence of a phase inverter (hole on the front panel) and the number of bands of reproducible frequencies (high, medium and low speakers on each column).

USB drives on flash memory, in my opinion, have become the most universal means of transferring information. This is a miniature device size and weight less lighter. It has high mechanical strength, it is not afraid of electromagnetic emissions, heat and cold, dust and dirt.

The most sensitive part of the drive is a connector covered with a cap. The volume of these devices ranges from 256 MB to 32 GB, which allows you to choose the drive of the desired container, consistent with the needs. Thanks to the interface, the USB drive can be connected to any modern computer. It works with Windows 98SE / ME / 2000 / XP / VISTA / 7, Mac OS 8.6 ~ 10.1, Linux 2.4 operating systems. In Windows, you do not even need to install any drivers: connected to USB port - and work.

Need to enter a dynamic image to a computer and sound (to communicate and the possibility of creating teleconferences).

Uninterruptible power system Need for an emergency power outage of electricity.

Fuff, well, in my opinion, and everything is the main thing that I wanted to tell you about the hardware of the computer, the so-called Hardware.

The article "Computer Device" was written for quite a long time. Therefore, if you found a mistake or discovered some inaccuracy, please write about it using the comment form. We will be very grateful!

Computer - This is an electronic device that works with information and data. It can store information, process, receive, transmit, etc. You probably already know that using the computer you can work with documents, email, play games, view web pages, and work with tables, presentations, watch videos and more.

In this lesson, we will respond to the main issues that arise from beginners, such as what a computer is and which types of computers exist.

Hardware and software

Before going further, you need to know about two important things: this is a computer hardware or other words "iron", and software or simply programs with which we do any tasks on your computer every day.

All your actions on the computer are associated with hardware and software. For example, now you are viewing this web page and learn lesson with web browser (Software), and on the right hand you hold mouse (hardware), with which you can easily move through the pages.

Types and types of computers

When most people hear the word computer, they represent a personal computer or laptop. However, computers are of different shapes and sizes, and they perform various functions in our daily life. When you take cash in an ATM, when your products in the supermarket are carried out through the scanner the defining price, or when you use the calculator. All this are also computers, but only a different type and destination.

Desktop computers

We use desktop computers at work, at home, at school, in the library, etc. They can be small, medium, big and are usually on the table. It consists of a keyboard, mouse, monitor and system unit. In detail about what computer consists of, read.

Most desktops are easy to update and expand, or add new details. Another advantage of desktop computers is their cost. If you compare a desktop computer and a laptop with the same functionality, most likely find that the desktop computer will be lower.

Portable computers

The second type of computers is laptops. Their advantage is that they work from the battery and are more compact, mobile and therefore they can be used almost anywhere.

Since the laptop is less than a desktop computer, it will be more difficult to access internal components. This means - you can not update or add new parts as easily as in the case of a desktop computer.

Tablet computers

Tablet computers or just "tablet". They are even more compact and mobile than laptops. Instead of keyboard and touchpad, a touch screen for dialing and navigation is used. iPad is an example of a tablet computer.

The tablet cannot completely replace your home computer or laptop, because Running programs and work with documents will be more convenient yet on a laptop or desktop computer. But if you just want to play games, sit on social networks, listen to music and watch a video, then the tablet for you can be an excellent substitute to the computer.

Servers

The server is a computer that serves other computers on the network. Many firms, enterprises have file servers for storing information. The server may look like an ordinary desktop, or it can be much larger.

Servers play an important role and in. They store web pages, sites, photos and videos. And they are responsible for their safety and boot time in the browser.

Other types of computers

There are many devices that are also mostly specialized computers, although we do not always think about them as computers. Here are some examples:

• Mobile phones: Today they are able to provide you with a lot of features that could only be performed on the computer, for example, such as games, watching movies, etc. Such phones are called smartphones.
• Gaming consoles: Specialized computer view, which is used to play video games. Although they are not so full-featured as desktop computers, many of them can perform such tasks as, viewing web pages and video on the Internet.
• TVs: Many TVs now include programs and applications that make it possible to log in or watch movies online.

Personal computers are two types: PC and poppy. Both are fully functional, but externally vary.

PC: The first such computer was called IBM PC.which was released in 1981. Then similar computers began to produce other companies. Today it is the most common type of PC and the Microsoft Windows operating system is used.

Mac: These computers began to be issued in 1984, Apple Inc. They are the first computers with the graphical user interface (GUI). They use the Mac OS X operating system.

Hello to all my blog readers! Today there are many devices that wear the proud "Computer". Types of computers are becoming more diverse, more interesting, manufacturers make more, and also add new features for convenience to the user. This article will help to understand this manifold, thereby learn what computers are.

Desktop computers. In order to be called a desktop computer, it should have a system unit, monitor, keyboard and mouse - this is a minimum set. Often nearby you can detect the printer, scanner, speakers or peripheral equipment.

Also, the novice user can embarrass the different shape and dimensions of the system unit, with the same composition of the minimum components, which was mentioned above.

So, system blocks are:

• Classic, vertical (Tower). There may be an ordinary medium size (MIDI-Tower) or high (Full-Tower). Full-Tower today is rarely found, the usual system unit is MIDI-Tower.

• Horizontal system blocks. This species is almost never found, it was popular at the dawn of a computer era, usually such a system unit was located right under the monitor.

• LCD PC Slim-Desk. Such terrible English phrase is called modern systemic blocks in size 2-4 times less than usual.

There is also a desktop version at all without a system unit, but they are still not much more common and rather are an exception. In this case, all "insides" are placed in the monitor. This, of course, very aesthetically, convenient, occupy little place, but very expensive compared to ordinary desktop computers. I think the price will fall and the usual user will not pay attention to the price of this computer and I would also like to note that these computers are made with sensory screen.

Laptop. The name happened from the English "Notebook" (Rus.-record book) Since it is notepad that reminds this type of computers in the "disclosed" form. Another name less common in the post-Soviet space is a laptop, from the English "Laptop" (Lap \u003d the knees of the sitting person, top \u003d top). The name happened from the "place" on which a computer is usually worth in the absence of a table: on the knees.

More recently, laptops have greatly lagged behind their desktop fellows in power and often applied only as an addition to the home computer. Today, many users refused bulky desktop computers in favor of compact and mobile laptops. The modern laptop offers sufficiently high performance, a wide selection of sizes, colors and enough time from the battery, which is especially useful for the mobile device.

Netbook. In fact, it is a laptop, but with some of its own features. First, they usually have less laptop. Secondly, they have greatly increased battery life, however, it is done to the detriment of performance (and otherwise in no way). Thirdly, they are cheaper. In general, the performance is reduced not only to reduce power, but also to reduce the cost. Initially, these computers were assumed solely as a means of accessing the Internet and perform only minimum actions in addition. From here, the name happened: in Russian "NET" - network.

Tablet computers or TableTPC. This category is now gaining its popularity. Such a computer is just a small touch screen. In the TabletPCs, the touch screen account keyboard and mouse are not required (although they can be used if the user will be desired), usually the tablet computer monitor is adapted to the operation of the fingers. In some models, you can also meet retractable or folding keyboards. Tablets do not differ in high power, but this is not required of them.

Their main task is to allow the user to enter the Internet, in addition, you can watch a movie, listen to music, or anything else that does not require high power, which is in principle convenient to do on such a device. But the main task is to provide the owner with comfortable internet access, without burdened by a big and heavy bag. The most important indicator for the tablet computer is the battery life, as it is a predominantly mobile device, usually this indicator is at the height. It is at this category that the Apple iPad is so elected by many users.

Pocket computers or PDAs (PDA). Such a computer is often called the "handheld", such a name he deserved due to the size. This type of computer is a small touch screen device, for the use of which, usually included is a stylus (small special pointer). Use fingers on this device is not convenient (due to the small sizes of items on the screen) or not at all from the design features of the display.

Also, the device can be equipped with a folding keyboard keyboard. Usually the PDA does not have access to the Internet and are intended to solve some tasks locally. It should be noted that smartphones are essentially a logical continuation of the evolution of pocket computers. Since they differ only with the ability to make calls, which means that they can get into the Internet.

The main feature of the game console is the lack of screen. Therefore, she and the "prefix" that "assigned" to the TV. Previously, they could only enable the opportunity to play and reminded the computer. Modern models give much more opportunities: and play, and see the film, and listen to music, and even go online.

Inside, they are all the same computer: they have a central processor, RAM (RAM, RAM), hard disk (ROM, ROM). They have a drive for laser drives (CD, DVD, Blu-Ray), as well as connectors for connecting external devices (for example, USB and Ethernet network connector). But do not forget that their main task remains games. Now there are such console models that can be played even without a TV, since it has its own small screen.

How did you understand the types of computers a lot. But I am sure that in the near future there will be an even more interesting and useful device for a person.

P.S. Today for dessert - a computer that is a little more credit card. Nice to look at what a man goes.

Personal Computer It is a complex electronic device designed to perform a wide range of tasks. It can be various calculations, calculations, listening to music, watching video, various office tasks, games and much more.

Personal Computer May be stationary or mobile. Mobile computers include laptops, netbooks and tablets.

The stationary computer has also changed the changes recently, but in most cases is a system unit, monitor, input devices (keyboard and mouse), audio devices (columns, headphones and microphone), as well as other peripheral devices (printer, scanner, etc. .).

For the normal functioning of the personal computer, only a system unit, monitor, keyboard and mouse are required.

The operating system is also needed, in most cases Windows uses, but you can also download Linux.
Next, we will look at each of these devices.

System unit

The main node personal computer is a system unit. It is a housing, most often the metal vertical boxes, on the front panel of which are the on and drive buttons. All necessary connectors and cables are displayed on the back wall. The system unit consists of a power supply unit, motherboard (it is a motherboard or "motherboard"), hard disk (HDD), video cards, processor (CPU), RAM (RAM), drives (CD / DVD), sound card and network fees. Often the network and sound cards are performed by integrated into the motherboard, that is, the radio elements are planted directly on the motherboard.

Power Supply

The power supply is made in the form of a separate box, which is located at the top of the back of the system unit and has several power cables of all elements of the system unit.

Power Supply

Motherboard

The motherboard is the largest in the system block of a circuit board to which all the main components of the computer are installed (CPU, RAM, video card), it also has connectors for connecting a hard disk and drives, as well as USB port loops and connectors that go to the back housing panel . The motherboard compares the work of all computer devices.

Motherboard

CPU

The processor is a microcircuit designed to perform basic computing operations. Processors are manufactured by two AMD and Intel firms. Depending on the processor manufacturer, the connector is different (place its installation), so when choosing a motherboard, you should not forget. You simply do not insert the AMD processor into the motherboard for Intel processors.

CPU

Video card

The video card is a separate printed circuit board installed in the PCI EXPRESS connector of the motherboard and is designed to display the image on the monitor screen. It processes the received information and converts to analog and digital video signal, which enters the monitor through the cable connector. On the video card, as a rule, a processor (GPU) and operational video memory are installed.

Video card

RAM

RAM is one or more small boards installed in special connectors on the motherboard (DDR). RAM provides temporary storage of intermediate data when the computer is working. RAM is characterized by access speed and memory. To date, the fastest memory has a DDR3 standard.

RAM

HDD

Hard disk is a constant data storage, it can be both user data and system or temporary. An operating system is stored on the hard disk, without which the normal operation of the computer will be impossible. Also, the operating system can use a hard disk to save the contents of the RAM (for example, in hibernation mode). It is a hard disk of a closed metal parallelepiped, which connects to the motherboard through the connector (SATA).

HDD

Drive

Optical disk drive externally resembles a hard disk, but has a retractable tray on the front panel to set optical disks. Serves a drive to read and write optical disks.

Other additional devices can be installed on the motherboard, such as a Wi-Fi module or TV tuner.

Monitor

The computer monitor is used to graphically present information, which is definitely understandable to the PC user. Recently, extremely liquid crystal displays (LCD) are produced. Monitors can be equipped with digital and / or analog video connectors (DVI, HDMI).

Keyboard

The keyboard is an integral input device of any computer. The keyboard is a group of keys to enter symbolic information. Also, many modern keyboards are equipped with additional keys, for example, to control the media players and various programs.