You can do the following with a paragraph. Formatting paragraphs in Word. Position on the page
Formatting paragraphs in Word. Text formatting is indispensable in any document. , we covered in the last lesson, now it's time to analyze the question of formatting paragraphs in Word. The main semantic unit of the text is usually a paragraph. Therefore, alignment commands and formatting operations are designed to change appearance separate paragraphs. Without a paragraph, the text will not look beautiful, and it is not very suitable for reading. You've probably seen this for yourself? On sites where the text goes like a solid wall, eyes get tired very quickly. And no matter how interesting it is, visitors stop reading it in mid-sentence and leave. This is why a competent web designer is sure to break the text into small paragraphs. Books written without paragraphs lose their attractiveness and most often remain unclaimed.
Therefore, paragraphs must be required. In Word there is an opportunity to make your work easier with paragraphs. For this it is necessary to customize the text editor "for yourself".
Formatting paragraphs inWord
Note
Setting the paragraph formatting in Word is the same for all versions of the program, so you don't have to bother about this.
To fully format the paragraph, use the "Paragraph ". Enter the menu -Format, and select - Paragraph –
or click right click mouse over the document field and in the drop-down context menu select item Paragraph .
- In the opened window " Paragraph"On the" Indents and spacing »Customize Alignment paragraph
- Left aligned
- Center
- Right edge
- By width
- Dropdown Level you can set the semantic level of the paragraph in the general structure of the text.
- Panel Indent defines the right and left border of a paragraph relative to the right and left of the page.
- Dropdown First line you can set the presence and size of the "red line" (paragraph indentation).
- Panel Interval allows you to set the spacing between paragraphs, as well as between the lines of a given paragraph. Increased paragraph spacing often replaces paragraph indentation.
- Tab Position on the page is intended for formatting paragraphs that fall on the border between pages. Here you can prohibit tearing off one line from a paragraph, require the paragraph to be placed on one page entirely, “attach” the next paragraph to this one, or start a new page with the current paragraph.
Note:
Using a window Paragraph formatting is very easy, but not worth it. It is useful for learning formatting techniques, but for practical work better not to use it.
Now let's take a look at more efficient ways to format paragraphs in Word.
There is a way - formatting paragraphs with the ruler ... Many do not use a ruler at all. And in vain - this is also a pretty powerful tool in capable hands, and you yourself will soon see for yourself.
Formatting a paragraph using the ruler
Ruler in Word not only provides information about the markup of the document, but is also a powerful formatting tool. It allows you to control the side borders and tab stops of the current paragraph. Paragraph boundaries are set by moving (dragging) special markers.
How to turn on the ruler inWord
In Word 2003 the ruler is included in the menu - View... You just need to check the box next to the entry Ruler .
V Word 2007/2010 the ruler is also in the menu - View - Show and Hide block - Ruler.
Note
- The triangular marker located at the bottom left of the ruler (nipple up) sets the left border for all lines of the paragraph except the first.
- The upside-down triangular marker at the top left sets the start line for the first line of a paragraph and allows for indentation.
- The square marker below the ruler is a control that always appears directly below the triangular marker for the left paragraph border. When you drag it, both handles of the left border move together, keeping their relative position. This paragraph design can be used when formatting epigraphs, especially important fragments text, quotes etc.
- The triangular marker on the right sets the right border of the current paragraph.
- The ruler is also used for the task. tab stops ... It will already be formatting paragraphs with tabs ... Tab stops are used when a row consists of multiple fields, such as in a simple table. By default, tab stops are spaced every half-inch and are marked on the ruler with short vertical serifs.
- The tab stop character appears on the left of the ruler. It has the form " corner". By clicking on it, you can change the appearance of the tab character and, accordingly, the method of displaying the text.
The selected tabulation character is set by clicking on the ruler. In the future, its position can be changed by dragging. To remove a tab character it is dragged outside the ruler.
After manually setting a tab stop, all the default and pre-defined tab stops are removed, i.e. all your subsequent documents will already be with this new formatting paragraphs.
∟ Left-justified tab stop. The text is positioned to the right of the specified position, starting directly from that position;
┴ Center-aligned tab stop. The text is positioned symmetrically about the specified position;
┘ Right-justified tab stop. The text is placed to the left of the specified position, ending at the specified location;
Types of tab markers:
A character-aligned tab stop. Allows, for example, to arrange a column of numbers of different lengths so that the decimal points are located one below the other.
Note:
To navigate between tab stops, use the keys TAB and BACKSPACE .
Here's how much new we have learned today, and what is , and how turn on the ruler in Word and what is tab in Word ... I hope that this new knowledge will be useful to you.
To set the indentation of the red line of a paragraph, select the desired paragraph or several paragraphs, move the mouse pointer to the upper left marker on the scale bar, press the left mouse button and, without releasing it, drag the marker to the desired indent value of the red line of the paragraph along the scale bar. To set the indentation of subsequent lines of a paragraph on the left, you must select a paragraph or several paragraphs or place the cursor on the desired paragraph and move the mouse pointer to the middle left marker on the scale bar, press the left mouse button and, without releasing it, move to the desired indent along the ruler. If you need to change the indentation of the first and subsequent lines of a paragraph at the same time, you must select the paragraph or put the cursor on it and move the mouse pointer to the lower left marker, press the left mouse button and, without releasing it, drag the marker to the desired place along the ruler. To change the indentation of all lines of a paragraph on the right, you need to move the mouse pointer to the lower right marker on the scale bar, press the left mouse button and, without releasing it, drag the marker along the scale bar to the desired indent value on the right. To change the left indentation of red and subsequent lines of a paragraph, you can use the Increase Indent or Decrease Indent buttons on the Formatting toolbar. The easiest way to change the alignment of text on a page is to use the appropriate on-screen buttons on the Formatting toolbar. Document text can be aligned: 1. Left-aligned; 2. In the center; 3. Right-aligned; 4. Fit to width - with this alignment, the spacing between adjacent words is automatically selected so that the text is aligned to the left and right edges at the same time. All actions for formatting paragraphs can be performed using the Paragraph dialog box, which is invoked by choosing the Paragraph command from the Format menu item or by choosing the Paragraph command from the program context menu. Let's take a closer look at the components of the Paragraph dialog box. Dialog window The paragraph has two tabs: 1. Indents and spacing; 2. Position on the page The main actions when formatting paragraphs are carried out using the Indents and Spacing tab. Here, by selecting the appropriate command from the Alignment drop-down list, the user can change the alignment of the paragraph text, set in the corresponding counters the numerical values of indents on the right and left, the first and subsequent lines of the paragraph. Numerical values of indents are displayed in centimeters. So, for example, to set the indentation of the first line of a paragraph (red line) by 1.5 cm, you must do the following: 1. Select a paragraph or put the cursor in it; 2. Call the Paragraph dialog box; 3. In the First line drop-down list, select the Indent command 4. In the counter located to the right of this list, enter a numerical value of 1.5 cm. Using the Indents and Spacing tab, the user can also change the spacing between adjacent paragraphs by specifying Before and After the numerical value in points. To change the line spacing of a paragraph, select the criterion for setting the spacing between lines of text in the Line spacing drop-down list, and then, if necessary, in the Value counter, enter the required numerical value. There are several criteria for setting the spacing between lines of text: 1. Single - ie. line spacing corresponds to 12 pt. 2. One and a half - ie line spacing corresponds to 18 pt. 3. Double - ie line spacing corresponds to 24 pt. 4. Minimum - line spacing is automatically selected not less than a certain value entered in the counter on the right 5. Exactly - line spacing, which is equal to the value entered in the counter on the right 6. Multiplier - line spacing, which is equal to a single spacing multiplied by the number entered in counter on the right. At the bottom of the Paragraph dialog box, there is a sample window that displays any changes you make to the paragraph. By pressing the button Tab in this window, the user calls the dialog box of the same name, where he is asked to set or change the tab stops. If all, user-installed the characteristics of the paragraph satisfy it, then to apply them, you must press the OK button in the Paragraph dialog box, otherwise - Cancel. The Position on the page tab allows the user to specify some other parameters of the paragraph (prohibiting orphans, prohibiting line numbering, automatic hyphenation, etc.).Word provides a wide range of document formatting features. To give the text a certain look, keyboard shortcuts, command sets of the tab home and apply styles. In any document, you can format characters, paragraphs, sections (if any), pages, or an entire document.
To format the text, you must first select it or set the necessary parameters before entering the text.
To format a paragraph or section, you just need to position the cursor anywhere in it, the whole document is formatted by setting the appropriate formatting parameters on the tab Page layout.
Character formatting
The main options for formatting characters include changing the typeface, size, style, spacing, and position of characters.
Most of the most commonly used character formatting tools are in the tab home in a group Font.
Figure 1. The Font group on the Home tab
Special attention should be paid to fonts, which are divided into serif and serif fonts:
Figure 2.
Serif fonts are generally used for formatting the main text of a document, and chopped ones for headings. A wider set of tools can be obtained using the dialog box Font, which can be opened by clicking on the diagonal arrow in the lower right corner of the Font group.
Dialog window Font contains 2 tabs: Font and Additionally.
Lists Font, Style, Size allows you to select values that are valid for these categories. Options Text Color, Underline, Underline Color, Modify can only take values present in the corresponding lists.
When you select formatting options, a sample of the text with the selected options can be seen in the area Sample.
Figure 3. Font Tab
Figure 4. Advanced tab
In the tab Additionally placed parameters for changing the position, more precise setting of the size of symbols: Parameter Scale- setting the size of the text as a percentage of the normal size. Parameter Interval- setting the distance between the characters of the selected text. Parameter Bias- setting the position of the text on the line, which can be raised or lowered relative to the line. Parameter selection Kerning for characters ... automatically selects the spacing between adjacent pairs of characters, depending on the features of the font style.
Text Effects
Button Text Effects opens the Format Text Effects dialog box, which provides ample opportunities for text design:
Figure 5. Text Effects dialog box
Formatting paragraphs
Paragraph formatting options include changing indent values, tab stop values, text alignment, and line spacing.
To format a paragraph, just place the cursor anywhere in the paragraph and select the options you want, or select it before formatting.
Ruler
You can show or hide the ruler using the tab View- group Show - Ruler. The ruler, which is located at the top of the page, is divided into 2 areas: white, which corresponds to the text area of the page, and gray, which indicates the margins of the document.
Figure 6. Indent markers on the ruler
Indent markers are used to set paragraph indents, for which it is enough to drag the required marker to the desired place:
- The right margin marker is used to set the distance from all text in a paragraph to the right margin;
- Left indent marker - to set the distance from the edge of the paragraph text to the left margin. Contains the indent marker for the first line of a paragraph.
The ruler also lets you control the tab stops, which are marked with gray serifs.
To set different tabulation modes, use the button located in the upper left corner of the line of the upper ruler. Tab modes:
- Left align
- Center align
- Right align
- Decimal point alignment
- Vertical bar
Figure 7. Tab modes
To delete all tab stops on the ruler, use the keyboard shortcut Ctrl + Shift + N.
The main and most frequently used tools are placed on the tape and are located on the tab home in a group Paragraph:
Figure 8. Paragraph group on the Home tab
All paragraph formatting options can be seen by opening the Paragraph dialog box, which is launched by clicking on the diagonal arrow in the lower right corner of the group Paragraph.
The tab allows you to set the parameters:
- Alignment - Left, Right, Center, Width;
- Level - basic, level 1-9;
- Left and right indents - indents of the paragraph text from the edge of the page;
- First line - indent or protrusion of the first line of a paragraph;
- Spacing before and after - the spacing between paragraphs in points;
- Interline - single, one and a half, double and others.
The result of changing the formatting parameters can be seen in the window Sample.
The tab is used to control the placement of paragraphs on pages:
- Disable orphans - allows you not to break a paragraph at the border of two pages if there is a orphaned line on one of the pages.
- Keep From Next - Allows you not to break the page between the current paragraph and the paragraph that follows it.
- Do not break paragraph - allows you not to break a paragraph at the border of two adjacent pages.
- WITH new page- insert a forced page break before the paragraph.
- Disable line numbering - allows you not to display line numbers in a paragraph when printing.
- Prevent automatic word wrap - allows you not to wrap words when translating lines within a paragraph.
Figure 9. The Indents and Spacing tab
Figure 10. Position on Page tab
By pressing the button Tabs ... a dialog box opens Tab, where you can set a tab stop by entering numeric values, set or remove multiple tab stops, and select a placeholder type for tab stops.
Figure 11. Tabulation dialog box
Sample format
To copy the style of one of the paragraphs, use the button Sample format which is on the tab home in a group Clipboard.
To apply it, just place the cursor within the paragraph whose style you want to copy and click on the button Sample format... Then you need to select the paragraph (or several) to which you want to apply this formatting. In this case, further copying of the style of this paragraph becomes impossible (it is applied only once).
To apply the formatting of one paragraph to several paragraphs (repeated use), you must double-click on the button Sample format... This will make it possible to apply the copied style as many times as necessary within of this document... To cancel further application of this style, click on the button Sample format once, after which it will become inactive and copying of the paragraph style will stop.
Non-printable characters
Word allows you to insert into your document non-printable characters which are useful for detecting formatting errors (for example, checking for extra spaces in the text). To show / hide non-printable characters, use the button Show all signs (Ctrl +) on the tab home in a group Paragraph.
Formatting paragraphs in the editorWORD
A paragraph is a structural component of text, usually connected logically and graphically, for example, in the form of indents. When you type text, each time you press the "Enter" key, you create a new paragraph. Setting the appearance of a paragraph determines its format, which is responsible for the placement of text on the page.
Setting (formatting) a paragraph implies:
* distance to the right or left of the paragraph;
* line spacing of a paragraph;
* alignment of the lines of the paragraph relative to the left and right margins;
* indent or protrusion of the first line of a paragraph;
* spacing before and after a paragraph;
* paragraph breakdown into pages.
First of all, when starting to set up a paragraph, you need to be able to select it. To do this, do the following:
* Triple click the left mouse button on any word in the paragraph;
Use keyboard shortcuts:
*
*
Aligning the lines of a paragraph
By default, paragraph text is left-aligned. But the documents are different, and the alignment may also require different. For example, for examinations of universities, width alignment is accepted.
To ask the right way to align the lines of a paragraph, use one of the following methods:
Click the Home tab, and then select the required paragraphs (the order does not matter).
In the Paragraph group, click one of the four available alignment buttons:
* "Left Align" - alignment of the lines of the paragraph to the left;
* "Centered" - alignment of the lines of the paragraph in the center (proportionally equidistant from the right and left edges);
* "Right Align" - alignment of the lines of the paragraph to the right;
* "Justified" - alignment of the lines of the paragraph at the same time to the left and right margins. The text will visually "stretch" (fill the space of lines), and additional space will appear between words.
Select the paragraphs you want, and then use the keyboard shortcuts:
*
*
*
*
The most common use for formatting paragraphs is to set the indentation of the first line. How many times have you observed how "experienced secretaries-assistants" and representatives of other professions related to the creation of electronic text documents have no idea how to set a paragraph using the Word 2010 interface. Usually they use double or triple pressing the spacebar for this purpose , or, at best, the key
Now let's look at how to set up indents, but you can do this visually (by eye) or precisely (by setting a certain value in the "Paragraph" window). Visual adjustment involves the use of a horizontal ruler, when you can quickly change the size of the indent, guided by a sense of the desired size "by eye". Fine tuning allows you to set the indent value in the units of measurement used in the document - you should use it when you know the size of the indentation value.
Visually adjust first line indentation
To indent the first line of a paragraph, do the following:
1. Highlight the required paragraphs;
2. On the horizontal ruler, move the cursor to the "First line indent" icon;
3. Click and hold the left mouse button, and then drag the icon along the ruler to the desired location.
1. Click on the tab indicator button until the First Line Indent icon appears;
2. Click on the horizontal ruler where you want the first line to be indented.
Fine-tuning the first line indentation
1. Highlight the required paragraphs;
2. Click the right mouse button on the selected fragment;
3. In the context menu (Fig. 1), select the "Paragraph" item (you will go to the "Paragraph" window);
4. On the "Indents and Spacing" tab, in the "Indent" group, in the "First Line" column, set the desired indent value (by default, 1.25 cm).
1. In the window open document go to the "Home" tab;
2. Highlight the required paragraphs;
3. In the "Paragraph" group, click on the "Paragraph" button;
In rare cases, in addition to the usual indentation of the first line of a paragraph, a ledge is used. This technique is often used for the design of poetic prose and a number of art works, in particular, magazine articles.
To create a protrusion, do the following:
1. Highlight the required paragraphs;
2. Click on the tab indicator button (Fig. 3) until the "Tab" icon appears;
3. Click the horizontal ruler where you want the first line to end, and then enter the text for the first line of the paragraph. Now, starting at the second line, the text will start below the position of the tab on the horizontal ruler.
1. In the document, select the required paragraphs, and then go to the "Home" tab;
2. In the "Paragraph" group, click on the "Paragraph" button;
3. In the "Paragraph" window on the "Indents and spacing" tab in the "Indent" group in the "First line" column select the "Indent" value;
4. Set the desired value manually or using the knobs.
Sometimes you need to quickly adjust the position of a paragraph relative to the edges of the document. In particular, when it seems to us that the indentation set for the lists is too large, or the inserted images are too far from the left margin, and this spoils the general appearance of the document. In this case, we can very quickly, "on the fly" change the value of the indent, choosing the optimal one. To set the left indent for all lines of a paragraph by a specified amount (multiple of the standard), do the following:
1. Select the necessary paragraphs, and then go to the "Home" tab;
2. In the "Paragraph" group, click on the "Decrease Indent" and "Increase Indent" buttons. All paragraph lines will indent (or move aside) from the left margin by 1.25 cm.
Note. Note that each repeated click on these buttons moves the paragraph lines by 1.25cm. Do not get carried away, if you click too much on the indentation decrease button, you will remove it altogether, and on the contrary, by constantly increasing the indentation, you will ensure that the words completely disappear from the field of view (more precisely, they will go beyond the edges of the visible area). To remove the indentation of the first line for a paragraph, use the "Paragraph" window and select "None" in the "First line" field, or put a zero value in the "On" field. You can also use the Undo button on the panel quick access to go back a few steps.
1. Highlight the required paragraphs;
2. On the horizontal ruler, move the mouse cursor over the "Left indent" icon and, while holding the left button, move it to the desired position.
If you get confused adjusting the indents, you can easily fix it by removing them, to do this, do the following:
1. Highlight the required paragraphs;
2. On the "Home" tab, in the "Paragraph" group, click on the "Decrease Indent" button.
1. Highlight the required paragraphs;
2. On the horizontal ruler, click (and hold) the left mouse button on the "Left indent" icon;
3. Drag it to its starting position on the ruler, to the level of the left margin.
Quickly adjust the indent to the right
It is also possible to carry out quick setup indent to the right. This is necessary when you are typing text that should look like a block, for example, when you are writing a verse, tanka or poetry prose. In these cases, alignment to the right gives the text a special look, also emphasizing its theme.
To quickly set a right margin, do the following:
1. Highlight the required paragraphs;
2. On the horizontal ruler, click and hold down the left mouse button on the "Indent on the right" icon;
3. Drag it to the desired position on the ruler.
To remove indentation from the right, do the following:
1. Highlight the required paragraphs;
2. On the horizontal ruler, click (and hold) the left mouse button on the "Right indent" icon;
3. Drag it to its starting position on the ruler, to the level of the right margin.
Fine-tuning the indentation of a paragraph
By default, paragraph lines start directly at the left margin and end at the right margin (if you fill the page with text, in one large paragraph, it will look like a text block, the size of a page). It is often necessary to specify the exact distance from the left margin, or from the end of lines to the right margin. In particular, this is necessary when you have clear requirements for the design of the work, in particular, the value of the indentation values. To do this, do the following:
1. Highlight the required paragraphs;
2. Go to the "Home" tab and in the "Paragraph" group click on the "Paragraph" button;
3. On the "Indents and Spacing" tab of the "Paragraph" window in the "Indent" group, in the "Right" and "Left" items, set the desired value.
1. Highlight the required paragraphs;
2. Go to the "Page Layout" tab and in the "Paragraph" group in the "Left indent" and "Right indent" lines, set the desired value.
Formatting operations includes breaking text into lines (within a paragraph) and pages, choosing the location of paragraphs, indents and spacing between paragraphs, wrapping individual paragraphs, as well as types and styles of fonts. These operations are performed by various word processors with varying degrees of automation. The essence of formatting is the ability of a word processor to change the appearance of a document on a page, namely:
- - change the boundaries of the working area, defining the fields above, below, left, right;
- - set line spacing (sparseness of lines on a page) and letter spacing in a word;
- - align text - center, press to the left or right border;
- - evenly distribute words in a line;
- - use different fonts, etc.
Text formatting... Editing a document changes its content, and formatting changes its appearance. V text editors distinguish character formatting and paragraph formatting.
At character formatting, as a rule, the font parameters are set: typeface, size, style, underline type, and so on.
Typeface is the term used to define the general shape of a character. For example, the roman typeface is a generic name for an entire family of classic fonts and features serifs at the ends of letters and combinations of thick and thin lines in the character style. This typeface is easy to read, so the font designers have created many similar-looking fonts based on it, such as the Times New Roman font that ships with Windows.
For any fragment of the document (word, line, paragraph, sentence, or the entire document), you can set font... The concept of a font includes a set of the following parameters:
- - type of font (or typeface). It could be Times, Courier, etc .;
- - font size. Set in points. For example: 14 pt, 16 pt, etc .;
- - typeface (regular, bold, italic, bold italic);
- - underline ting (single, double, wavy, etc.);
- - font color;
- - effects (superscript and subscript, strikethrough, shadow, etc.);
To set a different font, first select the fragment in which you are going to change the font. Then use the toolbar to change the font type, size and style.
If you need to increase (decrease) the font size, then open the list of sizes and select the desired value or enter it yourself. To change the font type, open the list of fonts and select the one you need.
You can make the selected text fragment bold, italicized or underlined (in any combination) by clicking the corresponding buttons on the toolbar. With their help, the corresponding effects are removed.
In the editor Microsoft Word more subtle font formatting can be done by selecting a fragment of text and choosing the Format / Font ... command. This command calls a dialog box in which you can make all the available font design options. Using the elements of this window, you can change not only the type and size of the font, but also all other font parameters. After making the necessary settings, press the OK button.
Most fonts include special characters and icons in addition to the regular characters shown on the keyboard keys. These symbols are used when creating documents of a scientific or technical nature, as well as when working not with English, but with some other languages. Since there are no such characters on the keyboard, Word provides a dialog box for inserting them.
Formatting paragraphs
Formatting is often applied to a paragraph.
A paragraph is a piece of text, the process of entering which ended by pressing the Enter key. A paragraph is a key element in the structure of a document for many word processors (although there are others, for example, in Microsoft Word - sections).
Paragraph formatting operations include setting paragraph boundaries and indentation, alignment, and including word wrapping.
Setting paragraph boundaries produced using indent markers located on the coordinate ruler, or by the corresponding menu commands.
Alignment(justification). There are four types of horizontal (left, right, center, width) and three types of vertical alignment (up, down, height).
Transfer... When the auto-wrap mode is off, a word that does not fit on a line is completely wrapped to the next line. This will not add elegance to the text; its right edge remains uneven. To improve the appearance of the text, use the hyphenation mode. With the manual transfer option, the user himself determines the transfer location by entering a hyphen, and with a hard carriage return (by pressing the Enter key) moves to the next line. Using this hyphenation mode leads to the need to remove hyphens when reformatting the text of the document.
When the automatic transfer mode is enabled, the soft transfer option is implemented: word processor itself divides the word into a slot and transfers it the best way... This mode does not create any difficulties when reformatting.
