Personal space. Definition of the concept of personal information space Personal information space Psychology

Educational and methodological and informational support of discipline Basic literature certified history of civilizations: Chronol. Tab.: Ancient World. Europe. Russia / M. N. Tsaplin. - Rostov-on-Don: Phoenix; St. Petersburg: North-West, 2006. - 782 S. Civilization Civilizations.

Of course, we all live in society, but each of us needs a certain inviolable territory where you can feel safe. Personal space is the main condition for the normal functioning of the human psyche. Therefore, the definition and maintenance of its borders are very important in the life of each of us.

Causes why we need our own comfort zone

The very idea of \u200b\u200bthe personal territory is rooted in the distant past and is associated with the animal world. Etologist Lorenz Konrad (a scientist who is engaged in the study of genetically determined behavior of animals and humans) argued that the presence of individual space is associated with the aggression of art animals or birds. For example, the flashes are cleared on wires with intervals. The distance between them is exactly equal to their ability to get to each other with a beak. If the animal is not aggressive, then in the personal space it does not need.

From here it follows that the animal needs some personal territory as much as expected any aggression in his direction.

A person in one degree or another is also a stained individual, so the conclusion that was made belongs to him. For example, when the daughter comes to her mother, hugs her, then the mother does not think about the fact that the child violates its personal space. But this same woman feels differently, if it hugs her unfamiliar colleague. Why is this happening? What are the boundaries of our individual space? What factors affect their establishment? About the person's personal space and his kinds will be discussed in the article.

Borders

Personal or individual space is a zone in which a person feels safe and comfortable. The following borders of the comfort zone are distinguished, depending on the degree of acquaintance with people:

• From 15 to 45 centimeters is the distance that is comfortable when communicating with children, a partner, close friends.
• From 46 centimeters to 1 meter - an acceptable distance when communicating with colleagues, neighbors, classmates.
• From 1 meter to 3.5 meters - this space psychologists call the "social zone", that is, a comfortable area for communicating with people in transport, at a bus stop.
• The distance of more than 3.5 meters is necessary to communicate with the numerous group.

Indicators affecting the definition of boundaries

The establishment of restrictions depends primarily on the personal characteristics of the person himself. Here, for example, indicators affecting the definition of comfort zones:

• The type of character closed from the outside world need privacy. People open and sociable often disturb the individual space of others and allow a stranger to penetrate their comfort zone.
• The degree of confidence. Self-sufficient and self-confident people do not disturb the boundaries of the personal space of another person. For example, the wife will never check the phone of her husband. That is, the lower the level of self-esteem, the greater the person allows himself to disturb the individual zone of another person and allows it to do to himself.
• Place of residence. People living in the megalopolis have more narrowed borders of their own space than those who live in small towns. In addition, it is believed that southerners are less jealistic to the personal zone of comfort than Northerners.
• Family and culture. There are such families in which the zones are practically erased. A person who grew up in such an environment, as a rule, can speak any topics, without feeling discomfort or constraint. Ate the child grew in the family, where they respected the personal zone of comfort, he was very difficult to openly talk about aspects of his personal life or discuss others.

Violation of individual space

Any invasion of the personal zone of comfort leads to irritation. The reason is that a person, determining the border, wants to protect himself both at the psychological and physical level.

Someone is comfortable to communicate at a distance, and someone does not. It is especially difficult for those people who need a certain remoteness from others. At concerts, in transport, at work, in the elevator they experience panic, irritation, disgust. And if you compare each violation of their personal space with a slap, then it is difficult to imagine how much such ground they receive during the day. They experience stress, and quite a long time.

And what to talk about the child, to which you constantly climb with hugs and kisses? And then they say that he is a capricious and unmanaged kid.

Violation of personal space always leads to psychological discomfort, which is poured into stress, depression, insomnia. And no matter, adult is a man or child.

Why is it important to learn to protect your space?

Attempt on another person's comfort zone or ignoring his personal borders always leads to conflicts, to aggression.

The negative can be directed both by the violator and on itself. Man begins to blame himself in all the troubles. There appears internal discomfort, which gradually destroys it as a person. In addition, he shows an unsuccessful example of his child, who in adulthood will also endure unwanted encroachment, because it does not know how to defend themselves from them.

In people who have difficulty in handling borders, there are always psychological problems and various kinds of disease.

What to do?

Here are some tips that will help protect your personal space:

• Learning to say "no", and even your loved ones.
• It is forever to refuse the feeling of guilt, since it is precisely it is an excellent means for manipulation.
• Eliminate when communicating familiarity.
• Do not try to please all and be good for everyone.
• Correctly refer to criticism.
• Do not allow anyone to manipulate yourself.
• Try not to respond to provocations.
• Always keep a physical distance when communicating.
• Exclude excessive frankness.
• Try to be fair.

Individual space is a zone of calm and security. It is not worth violating the comfort of the comfort of other people, interfering with their lives, giving advice, and then will easily save the distance and not allow others to overstate the boundaries permitted.

Types of personal comfort zone

Individual space has other measurements other than bodily. Common forms are common:

• Subsection or Private property is things, objects to which we only have access. For example, a personal computer, desktop, office, bed and so on.
• Residential space is a personal place where you can retire, relax and feel safe. This is not necessarily your home or apartment, it can be your corner, your own part of the room.
• Personal information space is the right to mystery. You can not read other people's letters, sms, browse your mobile phone. Each person has the right to a personal life.
• Personal emotional space is the feelings that we experience at your own request.
• Personal time is free from obligations and work time that can be disposed of at its discretion.

Male and female approach to the concept of "personal space"

Men at the intuitive level protect the boundaries of their comfort. They know how to do it both physically and verbally. Their clear limitations make it clear how reliably the private zone is protected.

Women have problems with violation of borders. This is due to the fact that the nature of the beautiful half of humanity is dual. On the one hand, they wish to dissolve in their chosen one, and on the other hand, they admit a lot of unability towards themselves.

They begin to endure, and it is in this sacrifice that men and women are the difference.

Comfort zone of each partner in relationships

Partners sometimes need to be alone with them. When there is respect in a pair, problems with violation of the borders of personal space in relations do not arise. And if it is suddenly the right of one of the partners begin to be accessed, then you need to start working on it.

It is always necessary to start with ourselves, only this can be given to understand a close person, how important it is to take care of the personal boundaries: telephone, email, social networks, meetings with friends.

In personal relationships need to be compromised. You must be able to talk and negotiate, and then there will be no problems in violation of personal space.

Creating a personal information space of the teacher

Teacher of the history of MBOCOS No. 57. Tula - Pimenov Alexander Nikolaevich

Here will be the file: /data/edu/files/x1459107667.pptx (creating a Teacher's Information Space / Presentation)

One of the main competencies of the modern educational process is the ability to work with information. The informatization of the educational process allows you to effectively provide educational and methodological assistance to students. The use of a computer in learning allows you to manage the cognitive activity of schoolchildren, in this case the training is built within the framework of a personal-oriented model. Due to the increasing volume of information, there is a direct need to form an information culture. The very appearance of the concept is a personal learning space - reflects the change in the attitude towards what a student and teacher do.

The main purpose of using information technologies in the educational process, as an innovative approach in education, is enclosed in the development of students' abilities based on self-regulation and self-education; Forming a scientific foundation for successful prediction of own professional activities, creative development of the individual and the correct choice of individual person's program.

Psychologists allocate the following personal spaces of a person: bodily, subject space , information space , emotional space, time. Personal information space is a mandatory attribute of the human XXI century, and the skills on its formation can be viewed as important information competencies. The creation of an information space is directed to the information interaction between the subjects, the satisfaction of their information needs.

Computer literacy has become the component of the professional level of the teacher. Thus, the informatization of the educational process makes it possible to effectively provide educational and methodological assistance to students in independent work on educational material. The development of the creative and intellectual potential of students based on the use of ICT is one of the main tasks of the teacher.

The network has ceased to be a medium of information transfer and knowledge delivery channel. She became a place where students are constantly, where they commit actions with the help of social services to help think and act together.

The use of a computer in learning allows you to manage the cognitive activity of schoolchildren, in this case the training is built within the framework of a personal-oriented model.

Internet - primarily an important source of information. In connection with the growth of information, it is necessary to form information culture. It means knowledge of information sources, techniques and methods of rational work with them, the use of them in practical activity.

The use of digital educational resources (COR) in the learning process has become already familiar and necessary, as it gives the opportunity to the teacher to visually demonstrate phenomena and processes, helps students better learn the material, to prepare on the lesson or to fulfill the project work.

The "Network of Creative Teachers" was created for teachers interested in the possibilities of improving the quality of education through the use of information and communication technologies. On the portal you can register and take part in the discussion of problems, share experiences with colleagues. Portal address: it-n.ru.

Cortors (digital educational resources) are widely used both to prepare for the lesson and in its conduct, they greatly facilitate the work of the teacher, from this we can conclude that they occupy a central place in the teacher's information space.

Digital educational resources are the photographs presented in digital form, video phrases, static and dynamic models, virtual reality objects and interactive modeling, cartographic materials, recording, symbolic objects and business graphics, text documents and other educational materials necessary for the organization of the educational process.

Creating its cores and using someone already created by the teacher is attached to the information culture, which is currently developing very quickly, to fall behind which means to be lost in the information society.

You do not need cabinets, libraries, they are compact in the computer or external media. They are not so difficult to structure and systematize, rather than the materials that are in printed form. This is one of the tremendous set of advantages, because accumulating with the years of Corsora, structuring them and, "folding around the shelves", the teacher creates its system to which he relies in the learning process.

This will make it possible to form a database of stored resources, and with their sufficient set and reasonable systematization and cataloging, organize a quick and affordable search and selection of the most appropriate Tsor theme of interest to the teacher himself and for students.

Internet technologies refer to personal-oriented technologies,since they are aimed at active cognitive activity and refer to a humanistic approach in psychology and education.

Email (E-mail) -an important information resource of the Internet, the most massive means of electronic communications, you can accept or send messages through it.

EP I use as a means of communication with learning. On the EP guys send me performed tasks, presentations.

For example, there is a website where you can pass testing in different subjects and get a certificate about its passage. Multifunctional online designer tests, surveys, crosswords. It is better to register there that it is not written on the certificate not an autame guest, but the name and name of the student. These certificates guys are sent to me.

The teacher needs personal information and educational space:

The last decade set the school in the situation of the need to introduce significant changes to the learning system and education of students. These changes should ensure the reform of the school, which is dictated by the modernization of education, computerization of schools. All this will allow to form a positive motivation of educational activities, carry out a differentiated, individual approach to learning at the student level, to individualize the learning process, to create a reliable monitoring system for mastering knowledge, exercise a learning process in the cooperation of the teacher and the student, to increase the teacher's pedagogical qualifications.

References:

1. Syromyatnikova L.M. Master class of Deputy Director for educational work in a general education institution / L.M. Syromyatnikova. - M.: Globus, 2009.
2. Patarakin E.D., Yarmach B.B. Casual network culture as a solution of classification tasks // Educational technologies and society. - 2007.

Our feeling of own activity, strength and attentiveness from which largely depends on the experience of happiness is directly related to our intentions, goals and motivation. He manifests mental orderliness. Focus the spiritual energy, form priorities, thereby leaving the order of consciousness. Without them, the thinking process proceeds chaotic, and the emotional background very soon acquires a negative color.
Mihai Chixentmichia

For me, personal information space (Lip) consists of the following elements and processes. Channels receipt of signals from outside. The mechanism, the sequence of processing these signals to the information that encourages me to action. The evaluation of changes to which my actions lead. Those signals that I on the basis of the resulting meaning broadcast others.

How to find out that everything is in order?

The main meaning of streaming activity is to gain joy.
Mihai Chixentmichia

Estimator of the bodice of the bond state. This is the ultimate goal of our efforts. Listed the components of the flow by the author of the books about this is an ungrateful business. It is important for me from reverse to releasing the actions from the reflection process before fixing the signals at the entrance.

Everything is in order when I have any signals from outside transform into information that does not violate my mental balance. When actions, based on the information received, create a sense of control over your own life and the presence of prospects. When, based on the evaluation of the changes occurred, the content is created, useful and interesting others.

How to put in order?

The information allowed by us to consciousness is extremely important; In essence, it determines the content and quality of our life.
Mihai Chixentmichia

1. Control signal receipt channels.

- I replaced television on YouTube, Vimeo, Ted. Television is like Fast Food. Sometimes you can try for curiosity, but it is better not to risk and take care of your mental and mental health.
Everything that is interesting and necessary can be found on the net and control itself that and when you will look.

- Refused radio, especially conversational. In my opinion, they are not just useless, but no less harmful than television. There are podcasts. Choose, download and listen to what you think for yourself.

- The Internet, by and large for many, who is irrigated over a talk show lovers, the same intellectual gum. I regularly drag the list of resources that I view. It is important for me to control the time of staying on the network and the wording of specific goals, for which I am going to open a particular site. Otherwise, the seat in front of the monitor is not much different for me from lying on the sofa in front of the televisioner.

The point is not so much in controlling time spending. I am not confessing the timenzement. Sometimes I like to just look out the window. It is important what garbage you let in my mind through television, radio and network.

- Attentive attitude to the circle of your communication.
For some time I thought that all people were sent to you in order to teach something. Some inspire, some surprised and make you think that your patience is being trained. It seemed to me that there were no random meetings. So I tried to understand, to delve into, think about why they do it, why do I try to change it or something to convince.

At a certain point, it was decided to simply be selective in communication and avoid those who try to change you. The most stupid lesson in my opinion, climb to another person with teachings when no one asks you about it. It was a pity to spend time on such communication.

Gradually come to the conclusion that the relation to communication is no less important for your health than the choice of what you eat. Sometimes it is better to starve what to eat.

2. To decide what to do with signals.

Once acquaintance with the books of David Allen and his GTD system helped me "bring your business in order." Then I began to represent a chain signal - information - actions - evaluation of change - meaning. With each signal that I fixed, I tried to do as another entry into the "Inbox" folder. What to do with it?

Much can be sent immediately to the basket. I remember when I was fond of Sylva, I liked the phrase "Sturto, Starto", recommended to repeat if I wanted to either forget.

Fixed the signal, I realized that your life does not apply to and threw it in the basket. You can even imagine the sound with which I have documents in the basket on the desktop are erased.

The remaining signals must be transformed into information. Decide what to do? What do we want to change as a result of their actions?

I still happen that some signal is fixed and starts to spoil the mood, like a buzzing fly stuck between the window frames. If you do nothing, attention is distracted, the mood is spoiled. Just a question that you should ask yourself after fixing "What's next?".

The signal is not transformed into information - slag.
Information does not lead to action - slag.
Actions that do not lead to change - empty spending time.

There are such moments when you feel a transparent crystal. You are an observer. Fixed signals pass through you, not leaving the trace and not disturbing your transparency. Achieve this difficult. Perhaps it is super-conducting when your reactions are so fast that invisible.

I like numerous written practices. We regularly apply to search for solutions and ideas, as well as for mood to working condition.

It is important for me to formulate your own states in writing. Immersion in the description at the same time helps to fix the current state and immerses in the process of generating ideas and manifestations.

The essence of maintaining Lipa for me is the list of simple actions.

- cut off channels of receipt of unnecessary signals.
- promote fixed signals over a chain, turning them into information, actions, evaluation, meaning. Everything else is removed without pity.
- Trying to fix the resulting meaning by making it a signal for others.

An increase in the information flow and the need for operating an increasing amount of information forces us to reasonably approach the organization of your information space. The main tool for organizing a personal information space in the computer's memory are folders. They are a means of organizing and presenting computer system resources (directories, files, programs, etc.).

All folders operate equally regardless of their contents. By installing suitable parameters for folders, you can quickly execute the tasks. To set the open folder parameters, you must execute the Folder Service / Properties command. In the window that appears, all the necessary folder parameters are set (see Fig.). Folder Properties Window

Copying and moving folders as well as copying, and moving files. To copy the folder, it is enough to drag it with the right button to the place where it must be copied. When the context menu appears, you can select Copy to copy the folder or move to change the folder location. To renaming the folder, the context menu is called and the command is selected to rename.

Having considered the technical aspect of working with folders, we describe how to form your informational space. The documents generated by the user must be strictly structured, and the folder appears in this case. If all documents are stored in one folder, then after reaching a certain critical mass, the user will be difficult to navigate in their own documents. And the actual time of work will be spent on finding the desired document.