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AutoCAD multiple sheet viewports. view screen. Create floating viewports

To create a viewport in AutoCAD is to really feel and use this design drawing program, understand it and use all its features. This conclusion is 100% correct, especially if you use and understand the essence of this tool not only in the "Models" mode, but also in the "Sheet" mode. And the essence of viewports (VE) lies on the surface.

floating, after creation they can be moved around the sheet;
changeable, after creation their sizes can be changed arbitrarily;
overlapped, they can overlap each other.

In addition, VE in the "Sheet" mode:

may have an arbitrary shape;
can be created from previously created objects, as well as any shape.

Here, too, initially the developer is provided with one CE for the entire sheet, in which the entire drawing is displayed. But:

The size and position of this area (more precisely, in this mode, these objects can be called print areas, this more accurately reflects their essence) can be changed by clicking the mouse once (this is important, make no mistake!) inside the area. In this case, the border of the area will become dotted, and overall markers will appear on the corners, with their help you can drag the window itself.
Please note that if it becomes necessary to already change the point of view of the drawing in such a window, then you need to go to work with it. That's when we click "inside" twice with the mouse - the border takes the form of a thick line. Now, using the usual move tool - "Pan Realtime", you can move the drawing in the window.
To change the drawing output scale in the window, you can use the “Scale” command on the “Viewports” panel (it is already active in this mode).

Working with VE in the "List" we mean that:

There can be as many viewports as you want - each selection simply adds one, two, three or even four new ones.
Using the "Polygonal Viewport" command on the "Viewports" panel, you can create viewports of any shape, as long as the outline of the new segment is closed.
Using the “Convert Object to Viewport” command, you can create a VE from any previously created object with a closed contour - from an ellipse, circle, polyhedron, etc. The techniques and tools for creating these objects in the “Sheet” are similar to the techniques and tools from the “Model” .
Deleting a CE (again, more precisely, the drawing area for printing) is done by selecting it and pressing the Del key - a common technique for working with objects in AutoCAD.

Please note that if you need to switch to working with the sheet as a whole, then you need to exit the working SE - cancel its bold border. To do this, just double-click on the mouse outside the working CE.

The nuances of work depending on the versions of AutoCAD

VE is the developer's tool, which is constantly subjected to improvements by the creators of the program. For example, recent versions give each a so-called "view cube". It allows you to quickly adjust the viewing direction - right, left, top, bottom, isometric.

Some versions give each object a tool for panning and quick zoom - the "steering wheel".

The idea of viewports is simply indispensable for designing complex drawings. The more you come into contact with this idea, the more you will like it. There is only one thing that can spoil your mood at the same time - the small size of your monitor. On "17 inches" it is already very difficult to use viewports in their full glory, it's just that the monitor is "not rubber" and everything does not fit. But there's nothing you can do about it. It has long been noticed that AutoCAD is 21-inch monitors and more!

A viewport in paper space does not have to be rectangular. In AutoCAD, starting with AutoCAD 2000, you can shape the viewport into a polygon, circle, ellipse, and so on.

Consider three more toolbar buttons Viewports(Viewports) (Fig. 10.5). Click the button, which is designed to create viewports in the form of a polygon (more precisely, in the form of a polyline, which can include straight and arc segments). Button corresponds to option Polygonal(polygonal) commands - VPORTS(-VEKRANY), discussed in Sec. 10.2.

AutoCAD will issue the first prompt: Specify start point:(Starting point:)

Specify the first point of the future polygonal boundary of the viewport. Next request:

Specify next point or :(Next Point or [Arc/Close/Length/Undo]:)

The last request is repeated until all points of the contour are specified (completion of input after pressing the key Enter). It can be seen from the query form that a polyline is being created, which may contain arc segments, but there must be at least three points. Such a contour can be edited using the command PEDIT(PEDIT) or using the pens.

Now click on the toolbar button Viewports(Viewports). This button is used to convert a closed object into a viewport and corresponds to the option Object(Object) commands - VPORTS(-WECRANES).

The AutoCAD system asks for:

Select object to clip viewport:(Select object to crop viewport:)

In response, select an existing closed object that should become the boundary of the future viewport. This object must be built on a sheet field in the mode PAPER(SHEET), otherwise it will not be available in this operation. Such an object can be a polyline, circle, ellipse and spline.

After specifying the object, a viewport of the required shape is formed. On fig. 10.15 screens are shown in the form of a polyline and in the form of a circle.

Toolbar button Viewports(Viewports) in paper space clips an existing viewport with a polygonal line. This operation is similar to trimming blocks and external links, discussed in Sect. 7.3.

Thus, unnecessary elements can be removed from the viewport not only by freezing the object layer on the given viewport, but also by cropping the screen.

When turning off the visibility of viewport borders that have clipping, keep the following in mind. Freezing the layer containing the cropped viewport disables cropping (it restores the screen shape that was before cropping). The correct solution is not to freeze, but to turn off the layer on which the clipped viewport is located, which will ensure that its border is invisible (the clipping will be preserved).

Rice. 10.15. Non-rectangular viewports

Hello my dear friend!

In this video we will figure out how to create a viewport, how to change it, rotate it, set the scale.

From the video you will learn:

How to add a viewport to AutoCAD

– How to change the viewport

– How to set up viewports on a sheet in AutoCAD

– How to set the scale of the viewport

How to remove viewport frame in AutoCAD

Video version of the lesson:

Text version of the lesson:

Greetings! Today we will learn how to create and use Viewports in AutoCAD.

Follow the step-by-step instructions and you will definitely succeed!

Step 1. You should start with the fact that by default, when you go to the “sheets” tab, there is an already created Viewport in AutoCAD. In our case (see screenshot below), we have already added a frame.

Step 2 An existing viewport can be deleted or resized. To do this, select the outer frame and use the blue handles to change the size to the desired one. If you want to delete it, select the frame and press the DELETE button.

Step 3 Now, let's learn how to add new viewports on the . To do this, go to the LAYOUT tab and select RECTANGULAR VIEWPORT.

Step 4 Now, we need to set two opposite points to create a rectangular viewport.

When you do this, you will have a rectangular viewport (see screenshot below).

Step 5 In addition to a rectangular viewport, you can also define a polygonal viewport. To do this, select the item " POLYGONAL“.

Step 5.1. Using the “Polygonal” command, create borders new viewport.

By creating an outline, we will get a new viewport, as shown below.

Step 6 For editing viewport, you need to select the outer frame and shuffle the blue handle or handles (if you select two of them at once on one side of the rectangle). This way you change the size of the screen itself.

The result of resizing the viewport using grips. The main thing to remember is that to change the size, you only need to select the outer frame and drag the blue handle in the desired direction. If you select two handles at once, the size will change a little differently. I recommend you practice.

Step 7 Now let's learn to turn viewport. This is done very simply. To do this, simply select the outer contour of the frame, press the right mouse button and select “rotate” from the list. Then, having selected a base point (for example, one of the four points of the viewport frame), we rotate the screen relative to the selected point. (see screenshots below).

Rotation result viewport relative to the base point. You can rotate the frame to any angle.

Step 8 Learning to set the scale of the viewport. Before that, you need to activate it, for this you need to click the left mouse button inside the frame itself twice. If the outline of the frame has become blacker and thicker, then you did everything right. (see screenshot below).

Step 8.1. In activation mode viewport, we can move around in model space. Thus, we can find the drawing we need. For now, we will simply center the drawing and set the scale of this very view. Our goal is to fit the entire drawing that we have selected in activation mode into the given viewport size. To do this, click on the Scale tab and set M to 1:50 for the example.

Gap. As you can see, this is not enough. Change to a scale of 1:100.

Result. As you can see, by choosing a scale of 1:100 we will fit our drawing into the viewport frame. Now you can center it. To do this, hold down the mouse wheel (click on it), a hand will appear. With the help of the hand, it will be possible to make adjustments and place the drawing as we need. (see screenshots).

For decontamination viewport just double-click with the left mouse button outside the frame, anywhere.

Step 9 It remains for us to learn how to make the viewport frame not print. Those. make it so that when printing a drawing, the outline of the viewport frame itself is not displayed on a sheet of paper, yes, this also happens and it is not very pleasant when, along with your work, you print the frame itself. So let's learn this now. And it's very easy to do!

So, we select our frames.

Then, go to the “HOME” tab, we are interested in the “LAYERS” block. In this block, we need to select the layer that has the “Do Not Print” option in it. By default, the AutoCAD program always has such a layer, it is called defpoints. So if you have one in your layers list, just select it. Thus your viewport will be assigned to the “defpoints” layer and will not be printed. But if you don’t have such a layer, it doesn’t matter, below we will learn how to create a layer for viewports with the “do not print” parameter.

Step 9.1. To create a “viewport” layer, click the “layer properties” button on the “layers” block. Thus, you will open a new window where you can create a layer and set the “do not print” parameter for it.

Create a layer and set its property to “do not print”, the crossed-out printer icon. When you do and transfer view frame on this layer, it will not be printed. In our case, the viewport or VE layer has already been created and has the “do not print” option. (see screenshot below)

In this lesson we will talk about sheets in autocad.

So what are sheets in AutoCAD program and what are they for?

There are two types of workspaces in AutoCAD: model space and leaf space.

Model space- this is the main working area of the drawing AutoCAD . It builds all flat and three-dimensional objects. Construction is carried out in full size on a scale of 1:1. The model space is three-dimensional, it can contain both flat and three-dimensional objects. Model space is one for the whole dwg drawing file, it is infinite, can accommodate objects of any size.

Paper space- this is an additional working field of AutoCAD. It is two-dimensional and can only contain flat objects. The paper space field itself is unlimited in size. However, there is a white area in paper space that indicates the sheet of paper on which the drawing will be printed. Surrounding this area is a gray box that is essentially infinite and is also part of the paper space.

Working with spacesheet will allow us to adjust our drawing to a specific sheet format (A0, A1, A2, A3, A4, etc.), scale all objects of the drawing, compose the drawing, set certain print settings and, subsequently, correctly print the drawing.

It is important to understand that in one file dwg we can have as many sheets as we like in an autocad drawing, i.e. as many sheets as the user wishes to create. Therefore, we will have as many tile spaces as there are tiles. By default, when creating an empty drawing, we have two sheets with names"Sheet 1" and "Sheet 2". Naturally, the user can always change the names of the sheets in AutoCAD. In general, sheet names should be meaningful. After all, in one autocad dwg A project can contain multiple drawings. And if all your sheets have names, such as "Sheet 1", "Sheet 2", "Sheet 3", ..., "Sheet 123" , you will get confused which sheet belongs to which drawing.

You can switch between model space and paper spaces by clicking on the corresponding tabs in the lower left part of the program screen. tab"Model" switches us to the model space, the tabs with the corresponding sheet names switch us to the spaces of these sheets.

When working with sheets, you need to know two more very important concepts - the print area and the viewport.

If you switch to paper space, for example in "Sheet 1" , then you will see a frame of dashed lines (_ _ _ _ _) inside the white area. The area inside this dashed line is called the printable area. What will be located outside this frame, in case of printing, will not be printed.

The viewport is a special object that, as it were, allows us to"cut through" window from model space to paper space, and display model space objects on the paper. The viewport sets the scale for displaying objects located in model space. As you remember, in the model (in model space) all objects are drawn in full size, on a scale of 1:1. Therefore, the scale of the viewport is the same as the scale of the drawing on paper.

When working with sheets in AutoCAD, you should be aware of the existence of one trick that may come in handy.

This trick is that after inserting a viewport with a scaled drawing from the model onto a sheet, you can add dimensions, callouts, text labels (and even hatching if necessary) directly in paper space. When creating text styles, size and callouts, height of arrow letters, etc. can be specified in the values in which you want to see these objects on paper after printing. When creating dimension lines, snapping is carried out to points of objects from the model shown in the viewport. All these text labels, dimensions and callouts will be located in paper space. However, numbers will be automatically indicated above the dimension lines indicating the actual dimensions of objects located in model space and drawn there in full size (1: 1).

An experienced user of AutoCAD, of course, can object to me, saying that it is more rational to add dimensions, callouts and text labels directly in model space using annotative objects and annotation scales. But this is a power user. For beginners, I will not bother with this annotation in this lesson.

I talked in detail about annotation and other intricacies of drawing in AutoCAD in a video course:

" ". (Click on the name of the video course to learn more about it.)

Just keep in mind that all dimensions, text labels and callouts can be built directly on the sheet, and that this is the easiest, but perhaps not the most rational way to place them.

Working with sheets in AutoCAD 2016 on a specific example.

Well, the theory is good. But everything in this world is better known in practice. Therefore, we will now step by step analyze the work with sheets in the program. AutoCAD 2016 on a specific practical example.

So...

We have an AutoCAD file with a primitive floor plan drawing of a building drawn in model space at full size.(1:1).

So far, we do not have any dimensions or text inscriptions on the drawing. We will add them a little later already in paper space.

Our task: to place the drawing on a separate sheet of A4 format at a scale of 1:50, add dimensions, text inscriptions, room numbers, a plate with the explication of the rooms, set up a sheet for printing and print the drawing.

We will work consistently, step by step.

Step 1. Switching from model space to paper space"Sheet 1" , which we have by default. To do this, left-click on the corresponding tab in the lower left part of the AutoCAD program screen.

Step 2 Let's rename this sheet. Right click on the tab"Sheet 1" , delete everything that is written there, and write"1 floor plan" . Press the key"Enter" . Now our sheet is called"1 floor plan" . This is a meaningful sheet name.

Step 3 In space, we see a gray field, in the middle there is a white area (symbolizes a sheet of paper), inside which a dashed frame is located with a small indent (shows the print area). Inside the dashed frame is a rectangle. This rectangle is not really a rectangle, but a viewport. Inside the viewport, we see the outline of our drawing from model space.

Select this viewport and press the key"del" on keyboard. The viewport is removed, and with it the outline of the drawing disappears from model space. We don't need this viewport. Later we will create our viewport.

Step 4 We build a regular rectangle in an arbitrary place in this paper space. The dimensions of the rectangle should correspond to the dimensions of the A2 format. Length: 594 mm. Width: 420 mm. We double-click on the mouse wheel to zoom in and bring our rectangle into view.

Step 5 We configure the sheet parameters and customize"white sheet of paper"under our rectangle with dimensions of A2 format.

To do this, we right-click on the tab with the name of the sheet"1 floor plan" and select from the context menu "Sheet Options Manager...".

Select a sheet in the Sheet Options Manager window that opens."1 floor plan" and click on the button"Edit...".

A window will open with settings for this sheet. This window is very similar to the print settings window that appears when we want to print a drawing. And this is no coincidence. Whole"joke" here is that when we set up a sheet, we also set the print settings for that sheet. When we want to print a drawing from a given sheet, the settings for this sheet will automatically"migrate" to the print settings window. And you and I do not have to separately configure print settings.

The first thing we need to specify in the sheet settings is the plotter. If a plotter is connected to your computer and its driver is installed, you can select your plotter from the rollout. I don't have a physical plotter, so I'll choose a virtual plotter"DWF6 ePlot.pc3" . This virtual plotter does not print on paper, but to a special format file. dwf. .dwf format designed for publishing drawings. You can print your drawing in DWF format and send it, for example, to the customer. The customer will be able to view your drawing, but will not be able to edit it. This is a kind of protection of drawings. To view a file DWF you will need a small browser program, it is called Autodesk Design Review and is distributed free of charge by the developer company. You can download it on the official website of the company. Autodesk.

Next, specify the format of the sheet. Here it is important to choose a format name in which the dashed frame of the print area does not cut off any drawing objects. For some format names, the dashed frame is displayed with a large indent. We will suit the sheet format ISO borderless A2 (594.00 x 420.00 mm)". We select it.

Set up the print area. next to the inscription"What to print" choose from scroll"Frame " . After that, click the corner points of the print frame. That is, we click in paper space on the upper left corner point of the rectangle, then on the opposite right lower point of this rectangle.

Put a tick next to the inscription"Center".

Select the scale from the scroll"1:1". First make sure that there is no checkmark next to the inscription"Enter" . If there is such a checkmark, remove it, and then specify the scale"1:1 ".

Print Style Table. Choose"monochrome.ctb".

Quality. Choose "Presentation".

Must be ticked"Consider line weights", "Consider print styles", "Sheet objects last".

In the drawing orientation section, select"album".

Click "OK" and see what happens. Our"white sheet of paper" now coincides with the rectangle we have constructed.

The sheet is adjusted to the desired format in AutoCAD 2016.

Step 6 Add a frame with a stamp. You can copy from another drawing, you can draw yourself.

Select " Create layer". The layer is called "VE" . Give it a red color.

And now attention! Find the column in the layer properties manager"Seal " . In this column near the layer"VE" find the icon in the form of a printer. Click on this printer with the left mouse button. The printer icon has a red slashed circle. This means that objects located on this layer will not be printed. It is on this layer that we need"shove" the viewport.

Close the Layer Properties Manager.

Step 8 Create a viewport.

Go to the tab in AutoCAD on the ribbon"Leaf".

On the Viewports panel click on the button"Rectangular".

Click the first point and the opposite corner point of the rectangular viewport.

Select the viewport, switch to the tab on the ribbon"Home " , expand the layers scroll and send the viewport to the layer"VE" by selecting the appropriate layer from the layers rollout.

Switch back to tab on the ribbon"Leaf".

Step 9 Select a viewport. He stands out. Right-click anywhere on the sheet space. In the context menu, select"Properties ".

Go to viewport properties AutoCAD 2016.

Find the field in the properties palette"Custom Scale". In this field, we indicate the scale value through a slash:"1/50". Press "Enter" . AutoCAD will calculate and indicate in this field the quotient of division in the form of a decimal fraction:"0.02".

Setting the scale Viewport in AutoCAD 2016.

We have set the scale. Now, if necessary, you need to pan the drawing inside the viewport. Double-click with the left mouse button inside the viewport. And through the viewport window, as it were, we get into the model. We are panning. Panning is preferably done with a tool"Pan"(hand button ). If you pan while holding down the mouse wheel, you can accidentally spin the wheel and knock off the zoom inside the viewport. After panning is complete, double-click outside the viewport to exit it.

Pan inside the viewport in AutoCAD 2016.

Check, just in case, if the scale of the viewport has gone astray. Select the viewport, go to the properties and make sure that in the field"Custom Scale" the number "0.02" is indicated . If there is another number, delete it, enter again"1/50" and press "Enter" . Close the properties palette.

Step 10 Let's lock the viewport so as not to knock down the zoom and pan settings inside the viewport.

To do this, select the viewport. He will stand out. Right click, select"Show Blocked and choose "Yes".

The viewport is blocked from changes within it. Now neither zoom nor panning will fail. You can even turn off the light on the layer"ve" to "rectangle" the viewport was not displayed on the screen. The objects themselves inside the viewport will still be visible.

Step 11 Now let's create the necessary text styles and dimension styles. Let's add dimensions and text labels directly on the sheet. Let's place a table with the explication of the room.

Step 12 Our drawing is almost ready. It remains only to print.

Everything here is elementary. Click on the button in the upper left corner of the program AutoCAD. Select "Print".

A window with print settings appears. And here you don’t need to configure anything! As I said, all print settings are automatically"migrated" from the sheet options settings. Click"OK ".

If you set up a physical plotter, then the process of printing a drawing on paper will begin. If you, like me, set up a virtual DWF plotter, then you will see a window where you need to specify in which folder on your hard drive you want to save DWF file. You specify the location and indicate the desired name DWF file.

The virtual printer prints to DWF a file that is created in the folder you specified. Everything. Now this file can be sent to the customer for review of your drawing.

This video tutorial on sheets in AutoCAD is completed.

Sincerely, Dmitry Lapin.

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AutoCAD users are used to the viewport shape being a rectangle. There is a great opportunity to make the shape of the viewport arbitrary.

For example, let's make a detail that will show a welded joint on a drawing on an enlarged scale.

To do this, use the command _vports create a regular rectangular viewport, adjust it to the desired position of the model, set the scale and lock it.

In the first case, we draw in paper space some object above the viewport, such as a circle. We select it as an object for cropping, as a result of which the viewport automatically acquires borders corresponding to the contour of the circle.

If we choose a polygonal viewport border, then in fact we can build it not only from a polyline, but also from arcs of circles. In this way, you can get a beautiful curvilinear border of the detail view, which can be edited by “handles” like a polyline. Choose what you like best. Of course, the secant circle method is much faster :)

In most cases, the ESKD detail view border should not be closed. The outline of a curved viewport can be trimmed with the command _trim along the secant lines drawn in the appropriate places over the viewport.